A nurse is caring for a pregnant client who has hyperemesis gravidarum and is receiving IV fluids and antiemetics in an acute care facility.
Which of the following outcomes indicates that treatment has been effective?
The client reports a decrease in nausea and vomiting.
The client gains 1 kg (2.2 lb) in 24 hr.
The client's urine specific gravity is 1.035
The client's hematocrit is 38%.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. The client reports a decrease in nausea and vomiting.
This indicates that the treatment has been effective in reducing the symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum and improving the quality of life of the client.
Choice B is wrong because weight gain alone is not a reliable indicator of treatment effectiveness.
Weight gain may be due to fluid retention or other factors unrelated to nausea and vomiting.
Choice C is wrong because urine specific gravity of 1.035 is high and indicates dehydration, which is a complication of hyperemesis gravidarum.
The normal range of urine specific gravity is 1.005 to 1.0302.
Choice D is wrong because hematocrit of 38% is within the normal range for pregnant women (33 to 39%) and does not reflect the severity or improvement of hyperemesis gravidarum.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
This is because a pregnant client may experience frequent urination at night due to increased urinary output caused by the increased blood volume and renal function during pregnancy.
This symptom is more common in the first and third trimesters.
Choice A is wrong because increased glomerular permeability does not cause nocturia, but it may cause proteinuria, which is the presence of protein in the urine.
Choice B is wrong because decreased renal blood flow does not cause nocturia, but it may cause renal ischemia, which is a condition where the kidneys do not receive enough blood supply.
Choice C is wrong because increased tubular reabsorption does not cause nocturia, but it may cause water retention and edema, which are swelling of the body tissues due to fluid accumulation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A. Increased joint laxity contributes to increased spinal curvature in pregnant women.
Joint laxity is caused by the hormone relaxin, which loosens the ligaments and joints of the pelvis and spine to prepare for childbirth.
This can result in increased lordosis (inward curvature) of the lumbar spine and increased kyphosis (outward curvature) of the thoracic spine.
Choice B is wrong because increased weight gain does not directly affect spinal curvature, but it can cause postural changes such as anterior pelvic tilt and forward trunk lean.
Choice C is wrong because increased muscle strain is a consequence, not a cause, of spinal curvature changes.
Muscle strain can occur due to the altered biomechanics and balance of the spine and pelvis during pregnancy.
Choice D is wrong because decreased muscle strength is also a consequence, not a cause, of spinal curvature changes.
Muscle strength can decrease due to reduced physical activity, hormonal changes, or pain during pregnancy.
Normal ranges for spinal curvature vary depending on age, sex, and measurement method, but generally they are:
Sacral inclination: 30-50 degrees
Lumbar curvature: 20-45 degrees
Thoracic curvature: 20-40 degrees
Cervical curvature: 20-35 degrees
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