A nurse is educating a pregnant client about the renal changes during pregnancy.
Which change is responsible for the increased urinary output?
Decreased glomerular filtration rate.
Increased tubular reabsorption.
Increased renal blood flow.
Increased plasma volume.
The Correct Answer is C
Increased renal blood flow is responsible for the increased urinary output during pregnancy.
This is because the renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate increase by 50% to 80% during pregnancy, resulting in more urine production.
Choice A is wrong because the glomerular filtration rate increases, not decreases, during pregnancy.
Choice B is wrong because the tubular reabsorption decreases, not increases, during pregnancy.
This is due to the increased levels of progesterone, which inhibit sodium reabsorption and cause diuresis.
Choice D is wrong because the increased plasma volume is a consequence, not a cause, of the increased renal blood flow.
The plasma volume expands by 30% to 50% during pregnancy to meet the increased metabolic demands of the mother and fetus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A. The client reports a decrease in nausea and vomiting.
This indicates that the treatment has been effective in reducing the symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum and improving the quality of life of the client.
Choice B is wrong because weight gain alone is not a reliable indicator of treatment effectiveness.
Weight gain may be due to fluid retention or other factors unrelated to nausea and vomiting.
Choice C is wrong because urine specific gravity of 1.035 is high and indicates dehydration, which is a complication of hyperemesis gravidarum.
The normal range of urine specific gravity is 1.005 to 1.0302.
Choice D is wrong because hematocrit of 38% is within the normal range for pregnant women (33 to 39%) and does not reflect the severity or improvement of hyperemesis gravidarum.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Increased glomerular filtration rate.
This is because during pregnancy, the renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate increase to meet the increased metabolic demands of the mother and fetus.
This can result in increased urinary protein excretion, which is usually mild and does not indicate renal damage.
Choice A is wrong because decreased glomerular permeability would reduce the amount of protein that can pass through the glomerulus and into the urine.
Choice B is wrong because decreased protein intake would not affect the urinary protein levels, unless the intake is severely deficient.
Choice D is wrong because increased tubular reabsorption would decrease the amount of protein that is excreted in the urine, as the tubules would reabsorb more protein from the filtrate and return it to the blood.
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