A nurse is calculating the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in the arterial blood of a pregnant client who is in her second trimester.

The nurse should use which of the following values as the normal range for PaO2 in pregnancy?

This is because a pregnant client may experience frequent urination at night due to increased urinary output caused by the increased blood volume and renal function during pregnancy.

This symptom is more common in the first and third trimesters.

Choice A is wrong because increased glomerular permeability does not cause nocturia, but it may cause proteinuria, which is the presence of protein in the urine.

Choice B is wrong because decreased renal blood flow does not cause nocturia, but it may cause renal ischemia, which is a condition where the kidneys do not receive enough blood supply.

Choice C is wrong because increased tubular reabsorption does not cause nocturia, but it may cause water retention and edema, which are swelling of the body tissues due to fluid accumulation.

Increased glomerular filtration rate.

This is because during pregnancy, the renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate increase to meet the increased metabolic demands of the mother and fetus.

This can result in increased urinary protein excretion, which is usually mild and does not indicate renal damage.

Choice A is wrong because decreased glomerular permeability would reduce the amount of protein that can pass through the glomerulus and into the urine.

Choice B is wrong because decreased protein intake would not affect the urinary protein levels, unless the intake is severely deficient.

Choice D is wrong because increased tubular reabsorption would decrease the amount of protein that is excreted in the urine, as the tubules would reabsorb more protein from the filtrate and return it to the blood.