A nurse is caring for a pregnant client who is experiencing leg cramps.
These cramps are primarily caused by:.
Increased joint laxity.
Increased spinal curvature.
Increased muscle strain.
Decreased muscle strength.
The Correct Answer is C
Leg cramps are painful muscle contractions that typically affect the calf, foot or both.
They are common during pregnancy, often happening at night during the second and third trimesters.
While the exact cause of leg cramps during pregnancy isn’t clear, various theories point to the following causes of leg cramps during pregnancy: 2
Pregnancy fatigue from carrying the extra baby weight
Compression of the blood vessels in the legs
Diet (an excess of phosphorus and a shortage of calcium or magnesium)
Pregnancy hormones since they seem to cause so many pregnancy aches and pains
Choice A is wrong because increased joint laxity is not a cause of leg cramps, but rather a result of hormonal changes that relax the ligaments and joints in preparation for childbirth.
Choice B is wrong because increased spinal curvature is not a cause of leg cramps, but rather a result of the changing center of gravity and posture during pregnancy.
Choice D is wrong because decreased muscle strength is not a cause of leg cramps, but rather a consequence of muscle fatigue and weight gain during pregnancy.
Normal ranges for calcium are 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL, for magnesium are 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL, and for phosphorus are 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
95 to 105 mmHg.
This is the normal range for PaO2 in pregnancy according to several sources.
PaO2 is the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood and reflects the oxygenation of the blood.
It is influenced by factors such as ventilation, perfusion, diffusion, and hemoglobin affinity.
Choice A is wrong because 27 to 32 mmHg is too low for PaO2 and would indicate severe hypoxemia or low oxygen levels in the blood.
Choice C is wrong because 500 to 700 mL is a measure of tidal volume, not PaO.
Tidal volume is the amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs with each breath.
Choice D is wrong because 7 to 10 L/min is a measure of oxygen flow rate, not PaO.
Oxygen flow rate is the amount of oxygen delivered to a patient through a device such as a nasal cannula or a mask.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Increased glomerular filtration rate.
This is because during pregnancy, the renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate increase to meet the increased metabolic demands of the mother and fetus.
This can result in increased urinary protein excretion, which is usually mild and does not indicate renal damage.
Choice A is wrong because decreased glomerular permeability would reduce the amount of protein that can pass through the glomerulus and into the urine.
Choice B is wrong because decreased protein intake would not affect the urinary protein levels, unless the intake is severely deficient.
Choice D is wrong because increased tubular reabsorption would decrease the amount of protein that is excreted in the urine, as the tubules would reabsorb more protein from the filtrate and return it to the blood.
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