A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin for heart failure and develops indications of severe digoxin toxicity. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?

Flumazenil

Acetylcysteine

Naloxone

Fab antibody fragments

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Flumazenil: Flumazenil is an antidote used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepines, which are central nervous system depressants. It is not effective in treating digoxin toxicity, as it does not interact with the cardiac glycoside effects of digoxin.

B) Acetylcysteine: Acetylcysteine is primarily used as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose and to help manage mucus in respiratory conditions. It has no effect on digoxin toxicity and would not be appropriate for treating this condition.

C) Naloxone: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose. Like flumazenil and acetylcysteine, naloxone is not effective in addressing digoxin toxicity and does not counteract the effects of cardiac glycosides.

D) Fab antibody fragments: Fab antibody fragments, also known as Digoxin-specific antibody fragments (Digibind or DigiFab), are the appropriate treatment for severe digoxin toxicity. These fragments bind to digoxin, neutralizing its effects and allowing the body to eliminate it safely. This is the most effective and specific treatment for life-threatening digoxin toxicity.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Ask the client to inhale the medication quickly for 1 second:
The client should inhale the medication slowly and deeply, not quickly. A rapid inhalation can reduce the effectiveness of the medication as it may not reach the deeper parts of the lungs effectively.

B) Ask the client to hold their breath for 2 seconds after inhalation:
The client should hold their breath for about 10 seconds after inhalation to allow the medication to settle in the lungs and be absorbed. Holding the breath for just 2 seconds is typically insufficient for optimal medication delivery.

C) Shake the MDI prior to administration:
Shaking the MDI before use is important to ensure that the medication is properly mixed and delivered in the correct dose. Failure to shake the MDI can result in an uneven distribution of medication.

D) Wash the MDI canister in warm water after each use:
The MDI canister should not be washed frequently, as this can affect the device's function and lead to potential contamination. The canister should be cleaned as per the manufacturer’s instructions, typically every few days or as needed.

A. Phlebitis B. Circulatory overload C. Infection D. Infiltration

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Phlebitis:
Phlebitis typically presents with redness, warmth, swelling, and tenderness along the vein. It does not usually cause the IV site to be cool or taut with fluid leakage.

B) Circulatory overload:
Circulatory overload occurs when there is an excessive volume of fluid in the bloodstream, leading to symptoms like dyspnea, crackles in the lungs, and edema. It does not typically cause coolness, tautness, or leakage at the catheter site.

C) Infection:
Infection at the IV site would be characterized by signs of redness, warmth, swelling, and possibly purulent discharge. It would not generally cause the site to be cool and taut with fluid leakage.

D) Infiltration:
Infiltration occurs when IV fluid leaks into the surrounding tissue due to improper placement of the catheter or damage to the vein. Symptoms include cool and taut skin at the site, swelling, and leakage of IV fluid into the surrounding tissue.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin for heart failure and develops indications of severe digoxin toxicity. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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