A nurse is preparing to administer a metered dose inhaler (MDI) medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Ask the client to inhale the medication quickly for 1 second.

Ask the client to hold their breath for 2 seconds after inhalation.

Shake the MDI prior to administration.

Wash the MDI canister in warm water after each use.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Ask the client to inhale the medication quickly for 1 second:
The client should inhale the medication slowly and deeply, not quickly. A rapid inhalation can reduce the effectiveness of the medication as it may not reach the deeper parts of the lungs effectively.

B) Ask the client to hold their breath for 2 seconds after inhalation:
The client should hold their breath for about 10 seconds after inhalation to allow the medication to settle in the lungs and be absorbed. Holding the breath for just 2 seconds is typically insufficient for optimal medication delivery.

C) Shake the MDI prior to administration:
Shaking the MDI before use is important to ensure that the medication is properly mixed and delivered in the correct dose. Failure to shake the MDI can result in an uneven distribution of medication.

D) Wash the MDI canister in warm water after each use:
The MDI canister should not be washed frequently, as this can affect the device's function and lead to potential contamination. The canister should be cleaned as per the manufacturer’s instructions, typically every few days or as needed.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Flumazenil: Flumazenil is an antidote used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepines, which are central nervous system depressants. It is not effective in treating digoxin toxicity, as it does not interact with the cardiac glycoside effects of digoxin.

B) Acetylcysteine: Acetylcysteine is primarily used as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose and to help manage mucus in respiratory conditions. It has no effect on digoxin toxicity and would not be appropriate for treating this condition.

C) Naloxone: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose. Like flumazenil and acetylcysteine, naloxone is not effective in addressing digoxin toxicity and does not counteract the effects of cardiac glycosides.

D) Fab antibody fragments: Fab antibody fragments, also known as Digoxin-specific antibody fragments (Digibind or DigiFab), are the appropriate treatment for severe digoxin toxicity. These fragments bind to digoxin, neutralizing its effects and allowing the body to eliminate it safely. This is the most effective and specific treatment for life-threatening digoxin toxicity.

A. Catheter dislodgment B. Catheter rupture C. Catheter migration D. Catheter occlusion

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Catheter dislodgment:
Hearing a gurgling sound near the catheter insertion site may indicate that the catheter is partially dislodged. This dislodgment can cause air to enter the catheter or affect the proper flow of fluids. Immediate assessment and intervention are required to address the dislodgment and prevent complications such as air embolism.

B) Catheter rupture:
A catheter rupture would typically present with signs of leakage or blood in the surrounding area, rather than a gurgling sound. While a rupture is a serious complication, it does not usually cause a gurgling noise.

C) Catheter migration:
Catheter migration occurs when the catheter moves from its original position, which could lead to issues with catheter function or placement. However, migration is less likely to cause a gurgling sound and more likely to present with changes in catheter function or resistance during infusion.

D) Catheter occlusion:
Catheter occlusion usually presents with difficulty in infusing fluids or withdrawing blood, not a gurgling sound. An occlusion is characterized by blockage or reduced flow rather than an audible gurgling.

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A nurse is preparing to administer a metered dose inhaler (MDI) medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin for heart failure and develops indications of severe digoxin toxicity. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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