A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells. Fifteen minutes following the start of the transfusion, the nurse notes that the client is febrile, with chills and red-tinged urine. Which of the following transfusion reactions should the nurse suspect?
Allergic
Acute pain
Febrile
Hemolytic
The Correct Answer is D
A. Allergic: Allergic reactions typically involve symptoms such as hives, itching, and sometimes anaphylaxis, but not usually fever, chills, or hematuria (red-tinged urine).
B. Acute pain: Acute pain transfusion reaction is characterized by severe pain but not usually accompanied by fever, chills, or hematuria.
C. Febrile: Febrile reactions involve fever and chills but do not typically include red-tinged urine, which indicates hemolysis of red blood cells.
D. Hemolytic: A hemolytic transfusion reaction involves the destruction of red blood cells, leading to fever, chills, and red-tinged urine due to the presence of hemoglobin from lysed red cells in the urine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Electrolyte abnormalities - These are not typically a direct complication of chronic wounds unless they are associated with severe infections or extensive fluid loss, which is uncommon.
B. Altered hemoglobin A1C - While chronic wounds are common in diabetics, the wound itself does not directly alter hemoglobin A1C; this test measures long-term blood glucose control.
C. Psychological distress - Chronic wounds can lead to significant emotional and psychological stress due to prolonged treatment, appearance issues, and limitations in activities.
D. Fluid volume overload - This is not a direct complication of chronic wounds. Chronic wounds might cause fluid loss due to exudate, but not fluid overload.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The first 2 min - This is too short a period to monitor effectively for transfusion reactions.
B. The final 2 min - Transfusion reactions are more likely to occur at the beginning of the transfusion rather than at the end.
C. The final 15 min - While it’s still important to monitor, reactions are most likely to be detected earlier in the infusion.
D. The first 15 min - Transfusion reactions typically occur within the first 15 minutes of starting the blood transfusion. The nurse should remain with the patient during this critical period to monitor for any signs of a reaction, such as fever, chills, rash, or difficulty breathing.
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