A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a vitamin B12 deficiency about the potential manifestations of their condition if it is left untreated. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?
[Select All that Apply)
Mood changes
Mobility challenges
Shortness of breath
Sleep disturbance
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
A. Mood changes: Deficiency can cause neurological changes, including depression and mood swings.
B. Mobility challenges: Neuropathy and muscle weakness can lead to mobility issues.
C. Shortness of breath: Anemia from B12 deficiency reduces oxygen delivery, causing dyspnea.
D. Visual deficit: Neurological impairment from B12 deficiency can affect the optic nerve, leading to visual disturbances.
E. Sleep disturbance: This is not a typical manifestation of B12 deficiency and is more likely related to other factors.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "Wash with plain soap and water." While cleanliness is important, plain soap can be drying and irritating. Gentle cleansing is better, using products that do not strip the skin of natural oils.
B. "Sit in the sun for 10 minutes per day." Sun exposure can exacerbate radiation dermatitis and should be avoided. The skin needs protection from additional UV damage.
C. "Apply moist heat." Moist heat can further irritate already sensitive skin and is not recommended for treating radiation-induced skin reactions.
D. "Apply hydrating lotions." Hydrating lotions help to soothe and moisturize the skin, promoting healing and alleviating dryness and scaling caused by radiation treatment. Use products specifically recommended for sensitive or radiated skin.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. 4 hr - The total infusion time for packed RBCs should not exceed 4 hours. Infusing beyond this period increases the risk of bacterial growth in the blood product, which can lead to sepsis and other serious complications.
B. 2 hr - While blood can be infused in 2 hours for some patients, especially in non-emergent situations, the standard maximum time allowed is 4 hours to prevent complications.
C. 8 hr - Infusing blood over 8 hours is too long and increases the risk of bacterial contamination and decreased efficacy of the blood product.
D. 6 hr - Similar to 8 hours, a 6-hour infusion time is too lengthy and poses significant risks for bacterial growth and sepsis.
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