A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about risk factors for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Exposure to radiation

Family history

Another type of cancer

Genetic mutation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Exposure to radiation - Exposure to high levels of radiation is a known risk factor for developing CML. Historical data, such as from atomic bomb survivors, show a higher incidence of leukemia, including CML, among those exposed to radiation.

B. Family history - CML is generally not associated with a significant familial risk. It is more commonly linked to acquired genetic mutations rather than inherited predispositions.

C. Another type of cancer - Having another type of cancer does not directly increase the risk of developing CML. However, treatments for other cancers, like radiation therapy, might increase risk.

D. Genetic mutation - The development of CML is associated with a specific acquired genetic mutation known as the Philadelphia chromosome (translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22), rather than inherited genetic mutations.

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Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

A. Massage over erythematous bony prominences: Incorrect. Massaging over areas of erythema (redness) can cause further damage to the underlying tissues and should be avoided. It may exacerbate tissue injury and increase the risk of skin breakdown.

B. Use pillows to keep heels off the bed surface: Correct. Elevating the heels with pillows helps to reduce pressure and prevent pressure ulcers by keeping them off hard surfaces. This is a recommended practice to reduce the risk of heel pressure ulcers.

C. Implement turning schedule every 4 hr: Incorrect. A turning schedule of every 2 hours is generally recommended to prevent pressure ulcers. Four hours is too long and increases the risk of skin breakdown in immobile patients.

D. Keep the client's skin dry with powder: Incorrect. Powders can dry out the skin and increase friction, potentially leading to skin breakdown. It's more important to maintain moisture balance and avoid the use of powders on skin at risk.

E. Minimize skin exposure to moisture: Correct. Moisture can contribute to skin breakdown, especially in incontinent patients. It is crucial to keep the skin clean and dry to prevent moisture-associated skin damage.

A. Hemoglobin level B. Fluid intake C. Temperature D. Skin color

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hemoglobin level:While knowing the hemoglobin level helps determine the need for the transfusion, it is generally assessed and ordered by the provider before the transfusion is prescribed. It is important information but not the most immediate data required directly before administering the PRBCs.

B. Fluid intake:Monitoring fluid balance is important, especially in clients at risk for fluid overload, but it is not as immediately critical as temperature in detecting potential reactions to the transfusion.

C. Temperature:A baseline temperature is crucial to monitor for febrile reactions during the transfusion. Any significant rise in temperature can signal a transfusion reaction, which requires immediate intervention.

D. Skin color:Skin color can provide information on overall oxygenation and perfusion but is not as specific or immediately useful as temperature for monitoring for transfusion reactions.

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A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about risk factors for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Which of the following information should the nurse include?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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