A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing warfarin toxicity. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Protamine sulfate
Vitamin K
Calcium gluconate
Acetylcysteine
The Correct Answer is B
A. Protamine sulfate: Protamine sulfate is used to reverse the effects of heparin, not warfarin. Administering it in warfarin toxicity would not effectively counteract the anticoagulant effect and could delay appropriate treatment.
B. Vitamin K: Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin toxicity. It promotes synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X, which are inhibited by warfarin, helping to restore normal coagulation and reduce the risk of bleeding.
C. Calcium gluconate: Calcium gluconate is primarily used to treat hypocalcemia or cardiac effects of hyperkalemia. It does not reverse warfarin-induced anticoagulation and would not address the underlying risk of bleeding.
D. Acetylcysteine: Acetylcysteine is an antidote for acetaminophen toxicity and works by replenishing glutathione. It has no effect on warfarin metabolism or clotting factor synthesis, making it inappropriate for this scenario.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Leukemia: Leukemia primarily affects white blood cell production and bone marrow function. While it can cause anemia, low iron and vitamin B levels are more directly related to nutritional deficiencies rather than a primary hematologic malignancy.
B. Hepatitis: Hepatitis involves inflammation of the liver and may affect liver function tests, bilirubin, and clotting factors. It does not typically cause concurrent deficiencies in iron and vitamin B unless chronic malnutrition or malabsorption is present.
C. Anemia: Low iron and vitamin B (particularly B12 or folate) directly impair red blood cell production, leading to various types of anemia, such as iron-deficiency anemia or megaloblastic anemia. Monitoring for pallor, fatigue, and laboratory indicators of anemia is essential for appropriate management.
D. Steatotic liver disease: Fatty liver disease affects hepatocytes and liver metabolism but is not typically associated with primary deficiencies in iron and vitamin B. Nutritional deficiencies may coexist but are not the direct cause of laboratory abnormalities in this context.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Why do you feel the staff is the FBI”: Asking “why” can sound confrontational and may make the client feel interrogated or defensive. It can increase anxiety and does not provide emotional support. This approach is not therapeutic when a client is experiencing a fixed delusion.
B. "The psychiatric staff is not FBI. They are here to help you.": Directly contradicting the client’s delusion can increase mistrust and agitation in a client with paranoid schizophrenia. This response challenges the belief without acknowledging the client’s emotional experience, which can damage rapport.
C. "This must be very frightening for you, let's talk more about it.": This response acknowledges the client’s feelings without validating the delusion itself. It conveys empathy, reduces anxiety, and encourages further communication. This therapeutic approach helps build trust while gently redirecting focus to the client’s emotional state.
D. "What makes you think the staff is following you”: Although more open-ended than option A, this question encourages the client to further elaborate on the delusion. It risks reinforcing the false belief rather than focusing on emotional support and reality-based care.
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