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A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who presents to the emergency department.

Exhibits

A nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings indicate the need for further evaluation?

Heart rate

Blood pressure

Temperature

Respiratory complaint

Oxygen saturation

Weight loss

Sputum characteristics

Travel history

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,F,G,H

A. a. Heart rate (98/min): A heart rate of 98/min is within the normal range for adults (60-100 bpm). This does not indicate an immediate need for further evaluation based on the provided data.

B. Blood pressure (112/88 mmHg): The blood pressure reading is within normal limits. This does not suggest an immediate concern.

C. Temperature: The client reports a low-grade fever (38.1°C or 100.5°F), which suggests an ongoing infection or inflammatory process. Further evaluation is necessary.

D. Respiratory complaint: A productive cough with blood-tinged sputum, especially in combination with symptoms such as fatigue, night sweats, and weight loss, is concerning and warrants further evaluation for possible serious conditions such as tuberculosis (TB) or other respiratory infections.

e. Oxygen saturation (98% on room air): The oxygen saturation is normal. This finding does not indicate an immediate need for further evaluation.

F.Weight loss: The client reports a significant weight loss of 26 kg (5 lbs) over the past week. Unintentional weight loss can be a concerning symptom and may indicate an underlying medical condition that requires further investigation.

G.Sputum characteristics: Blood-tinged sputum, especially with other symptoms like cough, fever, and night sweats, can be indicative of serious conditions such as TB or other respiratory infections and needs further evaluation.

H.Travel history: Recent travel to a region where certain infectious diseases are prevalent (such as TB) is a critical factor that requires further evaluation in the context of the client's symptoms.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When a central venous catheter (CVC) is inserted, it is essential to confirm proper catheter placement to ensure safe and effective administration of TPN and other medications. A chest x-ray is the gold standard method to verify the correct positioning of the CVC tip. It helps determine if the catheter is appropriately positioned in the superior vena cava or another desired location, which minimizes the risk of complications such as pneumothorax or improper medication delivery.

The other options listed are not appropriate actions for the nurse to take in this situation:

Verifying the amount of TPN solution the client is receiving every 4 hours is a task related to ongoing monitoring of TPN administration, but it is not directly related to the preparation of the client for CVC insertion.
Using clean technique when changing the catheter dressing is not appropriate for CVC insertion. Sterile technique is required during the insertion of a CVC to minimize the risk of infection.
Placing the client in Sims' position is not the appropriate position for CVC insertion. The client is typically placed in a supine or Trendelenburg position during the procedure to facilitate access to the central venous system.

A. "I can have two glasses of wine with dinner." B. "I will set my blood pressure goal at 130 over 84. C. "I should decrease my salt intake to 2 grams per day." D. "I should exercise for 15 minutes two times per week."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

"I should decrease my salt intake to 2 grams per day." - This statement is correct. Decreasing salt intake is an important dietary modification for individuals with hypertension. The general recommendation is to limit sodium intake to 2 grams per day or less. Reducing salt intake can help lower blood pressure levels.

"I can have two glasses of wine with dinner." - This statement is not accurate. While moderate alcohol consumption may have some health benefits, it is generally recommended to limit alcohol intake, especially for individuals with hypertension. The specific recommendation for alcohol consumption may vary depending on individual factors and should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

"I should exercise for 15 minutes two times per week." - This statement is not accurate. While any amount of physical activity is beneficial, the current recommendations for adults include at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week, along with muscle-strengthening activities on two or more days. The client should aim for a higher frequency and duration of exercise to achieve optimal health benefits.

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A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who presents to the emergency department. Exhibits A nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings indicate the need for further evaluation?

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A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who presents to the emergency department.

Exhibits

A nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings indicate the need for further evaluation?