A nurse in an assisted-living facility is reinforcing teaching with staff members about preparing for an external chemical disaster. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

"Turn on fans in the facility to circulate air."

"Cover the electrical outlets with wet towels."

"Move clients to a room above ground with few windows."

"Open the fireplace dampers in the day room."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

During an external chemical disaster, it is crucial to minimize the exposure of clients to the hazardous substance. Moving clients to a room above ground level with few windows can help reduce the risk of exposure to the chemical and its fumes. This is because many hazardous chemicals tend to be denser than air and may settle closer to the ground. Choosing a room above ground level and with fewer windows can provide a safer environment.

Turning on fans in the facility to circulate air can actually worsen the situation by spreading the chemical and its fumes throughout the facility, potentially exposing more individuals.

Covering the electrical outlets with wet towels is not directly related to preparing for an external chemical disaster. It may be more relevant during a fire emergency to prevent the spread of flames, but not for chemical exposure.

Opening the fireplace dampers in the day room can allow the entry of outside air and potentially introduce more of the hazardous substance into the facility.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A.This is incorrect because suction should not be applied during the insertion of the catheter. Suctioning should only be applied while withdrawing the catheter to avoid causing trauma to the mucosa.

B. Suctioning should generally be performed for no longer than 10 seconds at a time to minimize the risk of complications such as hypoxia.

C.This response is correct because waiting approximately 1 minute between suctioning attempts allows the client time to recover and reoxygenate. This interval helps prevent hypoxia and mucosal damage, which are important considerations during the suctioning process.

D.In adults insert catheter approximately 16 cm (6.5 inches); in older children, 8– 12 cm (3–5 inches); in infants and young children, 4–7.5 cm (1.5–3 inches). Rule of thumb is to insert catheter distance from tip of nose (or mouth) to angle of mandible.

A. Suggest the client exercise before going to bed. B. Recommend the client spend time alone in his room. C. Encourage the client to use positive self-talk. D. Offer the client low-protein snacks throughout the day.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Helping the client develop positive self-talk and challenging negative thoughts can be beneficial in managing depressive symptoms. Assisting the client in recognizing negative self-perceptions and replacing them with more positive and realistic thoughts can help improve mood and self-esteem.

Exercise has been shown to have mood-enhancing effects and can help alleviate symptoms of depression. However, exercise should be done earlier in the day rather than right before bedtime, as it can have stimulating effects that may interfere with sleep.

It is important to encourage the client to engage in activities and spend time with others. Isolation and spending excessive time alone can exacerbate depressive symptoms. However, it is also important to respect the client's need for privacy and personal space.

While diet does play a role in overall well-being, there is no specific evidence to support the use of low-protein snacks for the treatment of major depressive disorder. It is important to provide the client with a well-balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrients to support overall health.

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