A nurse is caring for a client.

Exhibits

A nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. After reviewing the medical record, which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? For each potential provider's prescription, click to specify if the potential prescription is anticipated, nonessential, or contraindicated for the client.

Potential Prescription: Anticipated /Nonessential /Contraindicated

Encourage the client to cough.

Keep the client's head in a midline position.

Elevate the head of the bed.

Assist the client to the bathroom.

Initiate seizure precautions.

Decrease oxygen to 1.5 L/min via nasal cannula.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"C"},"E":{"answers":"A"},"F":{"answers":"C"}}

A)   Coughing is not directly related to the client's condition as described in the scenario.
B)   Keeping the client's head in a midline position is anticipated to maintain an open airway and prevent further complications, particularly after a cerebrovascular accident.
C)   Elevating the head of the bed is anticipated as it can help improve respiratory function and reduce intracranial pressure, which is beneficial given the client's history of cerebrovascular accident and current restlessness and agitation.
D)   Assisting the client to the bathroom is contraindicated due to the client's current unresponsiveness and risk of falls; a bedpan or catheter may be more appropriate.
E)   Initiating seizure precautions is anticipated because the client's Glasgow Coma Scale score indicates a decreased level of consciousness, which could predispose them to seizures, especially with a history of cerebrovascular accident.
F)   Decreasing oxygen to 1.5 L/min via nasal cannula is contraindicated given the client's decreased oxygen saturation levels; instead, the nurse should anticipate the need to maintain or increase oxygen to ensure adequate tissue perfusion.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["D","E","H"]

Explanation

A. This prescription addresses hypokalemia. Potassium chloride is administered intravenously to help normalize potassium levels within the desired range. However, in this case the patient’s potassium is 5.5 hence does not require potassium chloride.

B. The client has mild hyperkalemia; hence, continuous cardiac monitoring is prudent to detect any potential arrhythmias or changes in cardiac status. However, the priority interventions are insulin therapy, hydration, and urinary catheter insertionto monitor input and output.

C. Subcutaneous insulin administration may be appropriate for clients with diabetes mellitus, but in this case, the client's blood glucose level is critically high, and they may be experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which requires rapid correction. Subcutaneous insulin administration would not provide the prompt and aggressive treatment required for DKA.

D. This prescription addresses the client's hyperglycemia and acidosis indicated by the blood glucose level of 468 mg/dL and pH of 7.30, respectively. Continuous intravenous insulin infusion is the standard treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) to lower blood glucose levels and correct acidosis.

E. This prescription addresses the client's dehydration indicated by the elevated blood glucose level, decreased blood pressure, and slight tenting of the skin. Intravenous fluid resuscitation with 0.9% sodium chloride is initiated to restore intravascular volume and correct electrolyte imbalances.

F. Administering D5W intravenously is contraindicated in the setting of hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) because it would exacerbate the already elevated blood glucose levels. D5W contains glucose and would further increase blood glucose levels, worsening the client's condition.

G. While monitoring blood glucose levels is important for clients with diabetes, checking it every 4 hours is not sufficient in this scenario, especially given the client's markedly elevated blood glucose level of 468 mg/dL and symptoms suggestive of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Therefore, blood glucose levels should be monitored at least hourly.

H. Monitoring urine output is important in clients with diabetes and dehydration. Therefore, inserting an indwelling urinary catheter is important in this scenario.

A. Distended jugular veins B. Pitting, dependent edema C. Decreased blood pressure D. Increased blood pressure

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Distended jugular veins are associated with fluid overload, not dehydration.

B) Pitting, dependent edema is also associated with fluid overload, not dehydration.

C) Decreased blood pressure is a common sign of dehydration due to decreased blood volume.
D) Increased blood pressure is not typically associated with dehydration and may suggest other conditions such as hypertension or fluid overload.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department. Exhibits Which of the following 3 provider prescriptions does the nurse anticipate?

Correct Answer is ["D","E","H"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has gastroenteritis. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse recognize as an indication that the client is experiencing dehydration?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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