A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for warfarin about safe medication practices. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will use a soft-bristled toothbrush and an electric razor to prevent bleeding."

"I will eat more green leafy vegetables to increase my vitamin K intake."

"I will take ibuprofen instead of aspirin for pain relief."

"I will check my blood pressure regularly while taking this medication."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Warfarin is an anticoagulant that inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors and increases the risk of bleeding. The client should use a soft-bristled toothbrush and an electric razor to prevent trauma and bleeding from minor cuts or abrasions.

A) Correct. This statement indicates that the client understands how to prevent bleeding while taking warfarin.

B) This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching. The client should avoid sudden changes in vitamin K intake, as this can affect the therapeutic level of warfarin and increase the risk of clotting or bleeding. Green leafy vegetables are high in vitamin K and should be consumed in consistent amounts.

C) This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching. The client should avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen while taking warfarin, as they can increase the risk of bleeding. The client should consult with the provider before taking any over-the-counter medications for pain relief.

D) This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching. Warfarin does not affect blood pressure directly but rather affects blood clotting. The client should monitor their international normalized ratio (INR), which measures the effectiveness of warfarin, regularly while taking this medication.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Heparin is an anticoagulant that inhibits clotting factors and prevents thrombus formation. The aPTT is a laboratory test that measures the effectiveness of heparin therapy. The therapeutic range for aPTT is usually 1.5 to 2 times the normal value, which is about 25 to 35 seconds. If the aPTT is above the therapeutic range, this indicates that the client is at risk for bleeding and that the heparin dose is too high.

A) This is not an appropriate action. Stopping the infusion abruptly could put the client is at risk for clotting and complications such as pulmonary embolism or stroke The nurse should only stop the infusion if instructed by the provider or if the client has signs of severe bleeding or haemorrhage.

B) Correct. This is an appropriate action. Decreasing the infusion rate will lower the heparin dose and bring the aPTT back to the therapeutic range. The nurse should notify the provider of the aPTT result and obtain further orders for heparin therapy.

C) This is not an appropriate action. Increasing the infusion rate will raise the heparin dose and increase the aPTT further above the therapeutic range. This could worsen the risk of bleeding for the client.

D) This is not an appropriate action. Continuing the infusion without adjusting the rate or notifying the provider could result in harm to the client due to excessive anticoagulation and bleeding.

A. Stop the infusion and remove the IV catheter. B. Apply a warm compress to the infusion site. C. Notify the provider and obtain an order for a different IV site. D. Slow down the infusion rate and monitor the client.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse should stop the infusion and remove the IV catheter as soon as possible if phlebitis is suspected. Phlebitis is inflammation of a vein that can be caused by mechanical, chemical, or infectious factors. Potassium chloride is a vesicant medication that can cause severe tissue damage if it extravasates into the surrounding tissues.

The nurse should apply a warm compress to the infusion site after removing the IV catheter to reduce inflammation and discomfort. The nurse should notify the provider and obtain an order for a different IV site to continue the infusion of potassium chloride at a different location. The nurse should not slow down the infusion rate and monitor the client because this could worsen the condition and increase the risk of complications.

b) Incorrect. This is an appropriate action after removing the IV catheter, but not before.

c) Incorrect. This is an appropriate action after removing the IV catheter and applying a warm compress, but not before.

d) Incorrect. This is not an appropriate action because it could worsen the condition and increase the risk of complications.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for warfarin about safe medication practices. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for warfarin about safe medication practices. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?