How it Works
Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (Free-Trial)

A nurse is caring for a client in a clinic.

Exhibits

For each body system below, click to specify the adverse effect that the nurse should include in the teaching. Choose the most likely response for the dropdown(s) in the table below by choosing from the lists of options.

Body System

Common Adverse Effects

Head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat (HEENT)

Cardiovascular

Genitourinary

Gastrointestinal

Note: Each drop down must have 1 response selected.
Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"D","dropdown-group-2":"B","dropdown-group-3":"A","dropdown-group-4":"C"}

  • HEENT – Dry mouth; Amitriptyline has strong anticholinergic effects, which inhibit salivary gland secretion, commonly resulting in dry mouth. This side effect can affect oral comfort, dental health, and appetite.
  • Cardiovascular – Tachycardia: Tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline can cause tachycardia due to their anticholinergic properties and direct effects on cardiac conduction. These drugs inhibit vagal tone, which increases heart rate, and can also affect the sodium channels in cardiac tissue.
  • Genitourinary – Urinary retention: Amitriptyline’s anticholinergic activity relaxes the detrusor muscle and contracts the internal urethral sphincter, impairing normal bladder emptying. This can lead to difficulty initiating urination and incomplete bladder emptying, particularly in older adults.
  • Gastrointestinal – Constipation: By inhibiting parasympathetic activity in the GI tract, amitriptyline slows peristalsis, leading to constipation. This side effect is common and can become severe without dietary adjustments or the use of stool softeners.


Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Free Nursing Study Resources

Related Questions

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"A,B,C"}}

Explanation

  • Urticaria: Urticaria (hives) is a hallmark sign of an allergic reaction, particularly latex allergy, and typically appears quickly following exposure to allergens. It is not seen in malignant hyperthermia or hypovolemic shock.
  • Wheezing: Wheezing can occur in latex allergy due to bronchospasm or airway edema. While respiratory compromise may happen in malignant hyperthermia, it is typically due to muscle breakdown and CO2 retention, not bronchospasm. Wheezing is not expected in hypovolemic shock.
  • Muscle rigidity: Generalized rigidity, especially of the jaw (masseter spasm), is a key early sign of malignant hyperthermia, a life-threatening reaction to certain anesthetics. It is not a symptom of latex allergy or hypovolemic shock.
  • Hypercapnia: An elevated PaCO₂ is an early, sensitive marker of malignant hyperthermia, resulting from increased CO₂ production due to sustained muscle contraction. This does not occur in latex allergy or hypovolemic shock.
  • Tachycardia: Elevated heart rate can be seen in all three conditions: in malignant hyperthermia due to increased metabolic demand, in latex allergy due to anaphylactic reaction, and in hypovolemic shock as a compensatory response to fluid loss.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Insert the oral thermometer in front of the infant's tongue: Oral temperature is not recommended for infants due to the risk of injury and difficulty keeping the thermometer in place.
B. Place the tip of the thermometer under the center of the infant's axilla: The axillary route is safe and appropriate for infants. Ensuring the tip is in full contact with the skin in the center of the axilla ensures a more accurate reading.
C. Pull the pinna of the infant's ear forward before inserting the probe: For infants under 3 years, the pinna should be pulled down and back to straighten the ear canal, not forward.
D. Insert the probe 3.8 cm (1.5 in) into the infant's rectum: This depth is excessive for an infant; rectal insertion should be only about 1.3 to 2.5 cm (0.5 to 1 in) to avoid rectal trauma.

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

Register