A nurse is caring for a client in a clinic.
For each body system below, click to specify the adverse effect that the nurse should include in the teaching. Choose the most likely response for the dropdown(s) in the table below by choosing from the lists of options.
|
Body System |
Common Adverse Effects |
|
Head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat (HEENT) |
dropdown
|
|
Cardiovascular |
dropdown
|
|
Genitourinary |
dropdown
|
|
Gastrointestinal |
dropdown
|
Note: Each drop down must have 1 response selected.
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"D","dropdown-group-2":"B","dropdown-group-3":"A","dropdown-group-4":"C"}
- HEENT – Dry mouth; Amitriptyline has strong anticholinergic effects, which inhibit salivary gland secretion, commonly resulting in dry mouth. This side effect can affect oral comfort, dental health, and appetite.
- Cardiovascular – Tachycardia: Tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline can cause tachycardia due to their anticholinergic properties and direct effects on cardiac conduction. These drugs inhibit vagal tone, which increases heart rate, and can also affect the sodium channels in cardiac tissue.
- Genitourinary – Urinary retention: Amitriptyline’s anticholinergic activity relaxes the detrusor muscle and contracts the internal urethral sphincter, impairing normal bladder emptying. This can lead to difficulty initiating urination and incomplete bladder emptying, particularly in older adults.
- Gastrointestinal – Constipation: By inhibiting parasympathetic activity in the GI tract, amitriptyline slows peristalsis, leading to constipation. This side effect is common and can become severe without dietary adjustments or the use of stool softeners.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A,B,D,C
Explanation
A. The first priority is to rescue any individuals in immediate danger. Moving the client ensures their safety before addressing the fire. Delaying this step could expose the client to smoke inhalation or burns.
B. Once the client is safe, the nurse must activate the fire alarm system. This alerts the rest of the facility and triggers the emergency response protocol. Early alarm activation helps prevent the fire from spreading further.
C. Attempting to extinguish the fire comes only after other safety measures. If the fire is small and controllable, using a fire extinguisher may prevent escalation. However, it must only be attempted when it is safe to do so.
D. Closing nearby windows and doors helps contain the fire to one area. This reduces oxygen flow and slows the spread of fire and smoke throughout the unit. Containment is a key step in minimizing damage and injury.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Position the client's knee slightly higher than the hips when up in a chair: This position can cause hip flexion greater than 90 degrees, increasing the risk of dislocation. Postoperative clients should keep their hips higher than their knees when sitting.
B. Raise the head of the client's bed to a high-Fowlers position: High-Fowlers positioning creates excessive hip flexion, which places strain on the new prosthesis and increases the likelihood of dislocation following hip replacement surgery.
C. Elevate the client's affected leg on a pillow when in bed: Elevating the leg can be appropriate for reducing swelling, but it does not prevent dislocation. Proper leg alignment is more critical than elevation in this context.
D. Keep an abduction pillow between the client's legs: An abduction pillow maintains the hip in proper alignment by preventing adduction and internal rotation, which are common causes of hip prosthesis dislocation in the early postoperative period.
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