A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse identifies that the client has urticaria and is wheezing. Which of the following types of transfusion reactions should the nurse suspect?

A. Wipe any excess medication from the inner canthus outward: This is the correct approach. When administering ophthalmic ointment, the nurse should wipe away any excess from the inner canthus to the outer canthus to prevent contamination of the unaffected eye and to avoid spreading the infection.

B. Instruct guardian to apply erythromycin ophthalmic ointment every morning for 14 days.: This is incorrect because the child has been prescribed bacitracin ophthalmic ointment, not erythromycin. The nurse should instruct the guardian to use the prescribed medication as directed.

C. Gently massage the eyelid to facilitate absorption of the medication.: Massaging the eyelid is unnecessary and could lead to irritation or injury. The medication should be allowed to be absorbed naturally without additional manipulation.

D. Place an occlusive dressing on the affected eye to prevent the spread of infection.: An occlusive dressing is not recommended as it may cause increased irritation or pressure on the eye. The best practice is to maintain proper hygiene and follow the prescribed medication regimen.

A. Placing the client in an orthopneic position is correct. The orthopneic position (sitting upright and leaning forward. helps clients with COPD breathe more easily by maximizing lung expansion and easing the work of breathing. This position is often used in clients with chronic respiratory conditions to alleviate dyspnea.

B. Providing the client with three large meals is incorrect. Clients with COPD may have difficulty eating large meals because it can interfere with breathing due to increased diaphragm pressure. Instead, small, frequent meals are recommended to reduce the workload on the respiratory system.

C. Encouraging the client to cough and deep breathe once every 8 hr is incorrect. In clients with COPD, frequent coughing and deep breathing exercises are important to promote airway clearance and lung expansion. The nurse should encourage these activities more often than every 8 hours, especially to help clear mucus.

D. Limiting fluid intake to 1,000 ml daily is incorrect. Adequate hydration is essential in COPD clients to help thin secretions and promote easier expectoration. A restriction on fluids could lead to thickened mucus and worsened respiratory status.