A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse identifies that the client has urticaria and is wheezing. Which of the following types of transfusion reactions should the nurse suspect?

A. "Wear sterile gloves when in contact with body fluids" is incorrect. While sterile gloves are necessary for sterile procedures, clean gloves are generally sufficient for contact with body fluids. The main focus of hand hygiene is on proper handwashing techniques.

B. "Use alcohol-based cleanser when hands are visibly soiled" is incorrect. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers should not be used when hands are visibly soiled, as they are less effective in removing dirt, grease, or organic material. Soap and water are needed for visibly soiled hands.

C. "Wash hands with soap and water for 20 seconds" is correct. The recommended duration for handwashing is 20 seconds, which is sufficient for removing pathogens effectively. This is standard practice for maintaining proper hand hygiene in healthcare settings.

D. "Artificial nails can be worn when performing direct client care" is incorrect. Artificial nails and chipped nail polish are contraindicated in healthcare settings because they can harbor bacteria and increase the risk of infection transmission.

A. "Communicate with personnel about the need for prophylaxis" is incorrect. While it is important to consider prophylaxis for those who may have been exposed to tuberculosis, the first priority is to minimize the risk of transmission from the client to others.

B. "Place a mask on the client" is correct. Placing a mask on the client is the first step in preventing the spread of tuberculosis. This helps contain respiratory droplets that could transmit the bacteria to others.

C. "Contact those who live with the client" is incorrect. While it is important to contact close contacts to assess their risk, this action comes after implementing infection control measures, such as placing a mask on the client.

D. "Notify the local health department" is incorrect. While the health department must be notified about a tuberculosis diagnosis, the immediate priority is to protect others from exposure by masking the client and using appropriate isolation precautions.