A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a sodium level of 156 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Nausea and vomiting
Altered mental status
Dysrhythmias
Hypothermia
The Correct Answer is B
A. Nausea and vomiting: Nausea and vomiting can be present with hypernatremia (high sodium levels), but they are not the most prominent or specific symptom. The client may experience these symptoms, but they are usually accompanied by other signs.
B. Altered mental status: This is a common manifestation of hypernatremia. The elevated sodium level causes an osmotic imbalance, leading to water shifting out of cells, which results in neurological symptoms, including confusion, lethargy, or seizures.
C. Dysrhythmias: Dysrhythmias can occur with electrolyte imbalances, including hypernatremia, but the primary symptoms related to sodium levels are more often neurological in nature, such as confusion or altered mental status, rather than dysrhythmias specifically.
D. Hypothermia: Hypernatremia typically causes an increase in body temperature, not hypothermia. Elevated sodium levels cause dehydration, which could contribute to increased body temperature rather than cooling.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. You wish you were no longer alive?: This response might sound accusatory and may invalidate the client's feelings. The nurse should express empathy and understanding instead of making the client feel misunderstood.
B. "It is common for people who have a terminal illness to feel that way.": This response validates the client's feelings by acknowledging the emotional distress that often accompanies a terminal illness. It normalizes the experience without minimizing it and opens the door for further discussion.
C. "Why do you wish you weren't alive any longer?": While this response is direct, it might sound too probing and may feel intrusive or dismissive of the client's emotional state. A softer, more empathetic approach is usually preferred.
D. "We should talk about the treatment plan your provider has suggested.": While discussing treatment plans is important, this response may deflect the client's emotional distress and shift the focus away from their immediate emotional needs. The nurse should first address the emotional aspect before discussing treatment.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Holding the irrigation solution bottle 5 cm (2 in) above the sterile container is incorrect because the solution should be poured into a sterile container without contaminating the sterile field. The nurse should pour the solution from a height that avoids splashing and contamination.
B. Opening the outer wrapper of the sterile package toward her body is incorrect. The outer wrapper of a sterile package should be opened away from the body to avoid contamination of the sterile field.
C. Placing the irrigation solution bottle cap on the sterile field is incorrect. The cap should not be placed on the sterile field, as it may introduce contaminants.
D. Placing sterile objects at least 2.5 cm (1 in) from the edge of the sterile field is correct. This practice maintains the sterility of the field by preventing contamination from external sources.
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