A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a sodium level of 156 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Nausea and vomiting
Altered mental status
Dysrhythmias
Hypothermia
The Correct Answer is B
A. Nausea and vomiting: Nausea and vomiting can be present with hypernatremia (high sodium levels), but they are not the most prominent or specific symptom. The client may experience these symptoms, but they are usually accompanied by other signs.
B. Altered mental status: This is a common manifestation of hypernatremia. The elevated sodium level causes an osmotic imbalance, leading to water shifting out of cells, which results in neurological symptoms, including confusion, lethargy, or seizures.
C. Dysrhythmias: Dysrhythmias can occur with electrolyte imbalances, including hypernatremia, but the primary symptoms related to sodium levels are more often neurological in nature, such as confusion or altered mental status, rather than dysrhythmias specifically.
D. Hypothermia: Hypernatremia typically causes an increase in body temperature, not hypothermia. Elevated sodium levels cause dehydration, which could contribute to increased body temperature rather than cooling.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Productive cough with pink, frothy sputum": This is a concerning finding that should prompt immediate notification to the provider. It is indicative of pulmonary edema, which can occur with left-sided heart failure as fluid backs up into the lungs. Pink, frothy sputum is a classic sign of this condition and requires urgent intervention.
B. "Weight loss of 1 kg (2.2 lB. in the past 24 hr": Weight loss is generally not a primary concern in left-sided heart failure. In fact, weight loss could be a result of fluid loss from diuretics or other interventions. A small weight change like this is not likely to be significant unless the client shows signs of dehydration or malnutrition.
C. "Fatigue when ambulating 152 m (500 ft)": Fatigue with activity is common in clients with left-sided heart failure, as reduced cardiac output and impaired oxygenation of tissues can cause fatigue during exertion. However, this is not an acute finding that would require immediate intervention.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Administering a subcutaneous insulin injection requires nursing knowledge and skill to ensure correct dosage, technique, and monitoring for side effects. This should not be delegated to an assistive personnel (AP).
B. Removing an NG tube requires nursing assessment to determine if removal is appropriate and safe for the client. It also requires skill in managing complications that may arise. This should not be delegated to an AP.
C. Providing discharge teaching about home IV medication therapy is a complex task that requires nursing knowledge about medication management, potential complications, and instructions for safe administration. It cannot be delegated to an AP.
D. Collecting a sputum culture can be delegated to an AP. This is a task within their scope of practice, provided the AP has been trained in collecting samples and the procedure is straightforward.
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