A nurse is assisting with teaching a group of nursing students about the pathophysiology of the spinal cord. Which of the following statements by a nursing student indicates understanding?

"The ascending tract of the spinal cord processes information in the brain."

"The descending tracts of the spinal cord deliver the CNS motor information to neurons in the muscle."

"The sensory receptors are in the muscles."

"The motor neurons are in the dermal layer of skin."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The ascending tract of the spinal cord transmits sensory information to the brain, but it does not process it; processing occurs in the brain itself.
B. This statement accurately describes the function of the descending tracts, which carry motor commands from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles, facilitating movement.
C. Sensory receptors are located in various tissues throughout the body, including the skin, not just in the muscles.
D. Motor neurons are not found in the dermal layer; they are located in the spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system, where they innervate muscles.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Family history is a non-modifiable risk factor as it cannot be changed or controlled.
B. A sedentary lifestyle is a modifiable risk factor; increasing physical activity can reduce the risk of heart disease.
C. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor; quitting smoking can significantly decrease the risk of heart disease.
D. Diabetes can be managed and controlled through lifestyle changes and medication, making it a modifiable risk factor.
E. Hypertension is also a modifiable risk factor; it can be managed through diet, exercise, and medication.

A. "Your headache is probably a result of anxiety about the chest pain." B. "It sounds as if you are allergic to this medication." C. "A headache is a common adverse effect of this medication, but it will probably occur less often over time." D. "A headache indicates tolerance to the medication."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The headache is not related to anxiety but is a known side effect of nitroglycerin due to vasodilation.
B. An allergy to nitroglycerin typically presents as a rash or breathing difficulty, not a headache.
C. Nitroglycerin commonly causes headaches due to the dilation of blood vessels in the brain, which usually lessens over time as the body adjusts.
D. A headache does not indicate tolerance to the medication. Tolerance develops when the body becomes less responsive to the medication's effects, which usually involves a reduced effect on chest pain, not the onset of a headache.

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A nurse is assisting with teaching a group of nursing students about the pathophysiology of the spinal cord. Which of the following statements by a nursing student indicates understanding?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about risk factors for heart disease. Which of the following risk factors is modifiable? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse administered nitroglycerin sublingually to a client who has angina pectoris and experienced chest pain. The client states that his chest pain is relieved but now he has a headache. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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