A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has persistent depressive disorder. When reinforcing education to the client about their illness, which of the following statements should the nurse make?
"Persistent depressive disorder is a mild chronic form of depression."
"Persistent depressive disorder is characterized by delusions and hallucinations."
"Persistent depressive occurs shortly after taking or withdrawing from a substance."
"Persistent depressive is characterized by both manic and depressive episodes."
The Correct Answer is A
A. "Persistent depressive disorder is a mild chronic form of depression." PDD, previously known as dysthymia, is a long-lasting depressive condition with persistent low mood for at least two years. Symptoms are less severe than major depressive disorder but are continuous and can significantly impact daily life. While not as acute as major depression, PDD requires management through therapy, medication, and lifestyle modifications.
B. "Persistent depressive disorder is characterized by delusions and hallucinations." Psychotic features such as delusions and hallucinations are not typical of persistent depressive disorder (PDD). These symptoms are more commonly associated with major depressive disorder with psychotic features or schizophrenia. PDD primarily involves chronic low-grade depression rather than severe psychotic symptoms.
C. "Persistent depressive occurs shortly after taking or withdrawing from a substance." Substance-induced depressive disorder is a distinct diagnosis that results from drug use or withdrawal. Persistent depressive disorder is not caused by substance use but is a long-term mood disorder that lasts for at least two years. The symptoms are chronic and not directly linked to substance intake or withdrawal.
D. "Persistent depressive is characterized by both manic and depressive episodes." Bipolar disorder, not persistent depressive disorder, is characterized by alternating manic and depressive episodes. PDD involves a chronic, low-level depressive state without manic symptoms. Individuals with PDD may experience periods of worsening depression, but they do not exhibit the high-energy or euphoric states seen in bipolar disorder.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. To keep the client's environment calm and with minimal daily stimuli: While a calm environment can help manage acute psychotic symptoms, it is a short-term intervention rather than a long-term goal. Long-term management focuses on adherence to treatment and relapse prevention.
B. To be reoriented to their current environment as needed: Reorientation is beneficial for clients experiencing disorientation due to acute psychosis, but it is a short-term intervention. A long-term goal should focus on maintaining stability and preventing future relapse.
C. To ensure the client participates in a walk with staff on a daily basis: Regular physical activity can improve mental health, but it does not directly address medication adherence or long-term relapse prevention. The goal should focus on strategies to maintain treatment compliance.
D. To develop and acknowledge understanding of a relapse plan prior to discharge: A relapse plan helps the client recognize early warning signs, understand medication importance, and seek support when needed, which is essential for long-term symptom management and prevention of future hospitalizations.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Fluoxetine. Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. It does not alleviate tardive dyskinesia symptoms and is not indicated for managing extrapyramidal side effects.
B. Diphenhydramine. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that can help with acute dystonic reactions due to its anticholinergic effects, but it does not treat tardive dyskinesia. Long-term use may even worsen movement disorders.
C. Naloxone. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose. It has no effect on tardive dyskinesia, as this condition is related to prolonged dopamine receptor blockade rather than opioid activity.
D. Valbenazine. Valbenazine is a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor specifically approved for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. It helps regulate dopamine release and reduces involuntary movements associated with the condition.
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