A nurse on an inpatient mental health unit is assisting with the care of a client who is experiencing panic level anxiety. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Voice tremors

Depersonalization

Shakiness

Poor concentration

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Voice tremors are associated with moderate anxiety, where the individual begins to exhibit physical signs of distress but still retains some level of focus. At panic-level anxiety, communication becomes severely impaired, often resulting in unintelligible speech or complete loss of verbal ability.
B. Depersonalization, a dissociative symptom in which individuals feel detached from their own body or reality, is a hallmark of panic-level anxiety. During this state, individuals may experience a sense of unreality, feel as though they are outside their body, or believe that their surroundings are distorted, contributing to a profound sense of fear and disorientation.
C. Shakiness is a physiological response observed in moderate to severe anxiety due to increased autonomic arousal. However, at panic-level anxiety, the body is in a state of extreme crisis, often leading to more severe symptoms such as hyperventilation, loss of motor control, and derealization rather than mere shakiness.
D. Poor concentration is characteristic of moderate to severe anxiety, where cognitive function begins to decline due to excessive worry. However, in panic-level anxiety, cognitive function is severely impaired, and the individual may be unable to process information coherently, often leading to complete disorganization of thought.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "Obsessive-compulsive disorder.": Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is more commonly associated with cluster C personality disorders, particularly obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, which involves rigid perfectionism and a preoccupation with orderliness.
B. "Schizophrenia.": Schizophrenia is not a common comorbidity of cluster B personality disorders. It is more closely linked to schizotypal personality disorder, a cluster A disorder, which involves eccentric behaviors and cognitive distortions.
C. "General anxiety disorder.": Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is more frequently seen in cluster C personality disorders, such as avoidant and dependent personality disorders, which are characterized by excessive fearfulness and anxiety-driven behaviors.
D. "Anorexia nervosa.": Anorexia nervosa is commonly comorbid with cluster B personality disorders, particularly borderline personality disorder, due to emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, and an intense fear of abandonment that can contribute to disordered eating behaviors.

A. Serotonin B. Histamine C. Dopamine D. Norepinephrine

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Serotonin. Serotonin plays a crucial role in regulating sleep, memory, and concentration. Low serotonin levels are associated with sleep disturbances, cognitive impairments, and mood disorders such as depression, which can further exacerbate difficulties with memory and focus.
B. Histamine. Histamine primarily regulates wakefulness and alertness but is not the primary neurotransmitter involved in sleep dysregulation, memory, and concentration. While histamine imbalance can contribute to sleep disturbances, it is more commonly linked to allergic responses and arousal states.
C. Dopamine. Dopamine is involved in motivation, reward, and motor control. While dopamine dysfunction can lead to cognitive issues, it is more closely associated with disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia rather than sleep dysregulation and poor memory.
D. Norepinephrine. Norepinephrine is a key neurotransmitter in the body's stress response and alertness regulation. While it influences attention and arousal, its dysregulation is more commonly linked to anxiety and hypervigilance rather than the described symptoms.

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A nurse on an inpatient mental health unit is assisting with the care of a client who is experiencing panic level anxiety. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing education to a newly licensed nurse about comorbidities associated with cluster B personality disorders. The nurse should identify which of the following disorders as a comorbidity?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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