A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the client to report which of the following manifestations?

Constipation

Frequent mood changes

Weight gain of 4.5 kg (10 lb) in 3 weeks

Sensitivity to cold

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Constipation is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism, not hyperthyroidism.
B.   Hyperthyroidism can lead to emotional lability, anxiety, and irritability due to increased metabolic rate.
C.   Weight loss is a common manifestation of hyperthyroidism, not weight gain.
D.   Sensitivity to cold is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism, not hyperthyroidism.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Placing the client on seizure precautions is important as metabolic alkalosis can cause neurological symptoms, such as confusion and increased risk for seizures due to electrolyte imbalances (e.g., low calcium levels). Therefore, seizure precautions are warranted.
B. Breathing into a paper bag is used in respiratory alkalosis to increase CO2 levels, but it is not appropriate in metabolic alkalosis, where the issue is not primarily related to CO2 imbalance.
C. Encouraging the client to breathe slowly is generally more appropriate for respiratory alkalosis, not metabolic alkalosis. Slow breathing would not directly address the underlying issue of metabolic alkalosis.
D. Administering sodium bicarbonate would worsen metabolic alkalosis, as it would further increase the alkalotic state. Sodium bicarbonate is used in metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis.

A. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride. B. Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally. C. Provide a diet containing 2 g of sodium per day. D. Restrict fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Infusing hypotonic fluids such as 0.45% sodium chloride can exacerbate hyponatremia in a client with SIADH by further diluting serum sodium levels.
B. Desmopressin acetate is a synthetic form of ADH and would exacerbate the symptoms of SIADH by increasing water reabsorption and further diluting serum sodium levels.
C. Increasing dietary sodium intake would not be appropriate for a client with SIADH, as it would contribute to further fluid retention and exacerbate hyponatremia.
D. Fluid restriction is a key component of managing SIADH to prevent further water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Restricting fluid intake helps to normalize serum sodium levels by allowing excess water to be excreted.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the client to report which of the following manifestations?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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