A nurse is assessing four clients on a medical unit. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as exhibiting positive manifestations of hypercortisolism?

A client who has muscle hypertrophy.

Moon face

A client who has a butterfly rash on his face.

A client who has a positive Chvostek's sign.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Muscle hypertrophy is not a typical manifestation of hypercortisolism; rather, muscle weakness and wasting may occur.
B.   Moon face, or rounded facial appearance with prominent cheeks, is a characteristic manifestation of hypercortisolism (Cushing's syndrome).
C.   A butterfly rash on the face is not specific to hypercortisolism; it may suggest other conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus.
D.   Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypercortisolism.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hyperkalemia is a common finding in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury due to impaired renal function, leading to decreased potassium excretion.
B. Hypomagnesemia is not typically associated with the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury.
C. In the oliguric phase, the glomerular filtration rate is typically decreased, not increased.
D. In acute kidney injury, creatinine levels typically rise due to decreased renal function, rather than decrease.

A. Wheezing B. Decreased deep tendon reflexes C. Cerebral edema D. Hypoactive bowel sounds

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Wheezing is not typically associated with hyperkalemia. It can be seen in conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
B. Hyperkalemia can lead to neuromuscular manifestations, including decreased deep tendon reflexes due to suppression of neuromuscular excitability.
C. Cerebral edema is not a typical manifestation of hyperkalemia. It may occur in conditions such as hyponatremia or severe metabolic acidosis.
D. Gastrointestinal manifestations of hyperkalemia are typically related to smooth muscle involvement and can include hyperactive bowel sounds or diarrhea.

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A nurse is assessing four clients on a medical unit. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as exhibiting positive manifestations of hypercortisolism?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hyperkalemia?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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