A nurse is caring for a client who has nephrotic syndrome and is receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy. For which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse monitor?
Hypokalemia.
Hypomagnesemia.
Hypermagnesemia.
Hyperkalemia.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is: A
Choice A Reason: Hypokalemia refers to a lower-than-normal level of potassium in the bloodstream. Normal potassium levels are typically between 3.5 and 5.0 mEq/L. In the context of nephrotic syndrome and high-dose corticosteroid therapy, hypokalemia can occur due to increased urinary potassium losses caused by corticosteroid-induced alterations in kidney function. Corticosteroids can promote the excretion of potassium, leading to a deficiency.
Choice B Reason: Hypomagnesemia is a condition where there is a magnesium deficiency in the blood, with normal levels usually ranging between 1.7 and 2.2 mg/dL. While it can occur in nephrotic syndrome due to urinary losses of proteins that bind magnesium, it is not typically associated with corticosteroid therapy. Therefore, it is less likely to be monitored in this specific scenario.
Choice C Reason: Hypermagnesemia indicates an abnormally high level of magnesium in the blood. This condition is relatively rare and is not commonly associated with nephrotic syndrome or corticosteroid therapy. It is more often related to renal failure or excessive intake of magnesium-containing medications or supplements.
Choice D Reason: Hyperkalemia is characterized by an elevated level of potassium in the blood, with normal levels being 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L. While hyperkalemia can occur in nephrotic syndrome due to the loss of albumin in the urine, which can affect calcium and potassium binding, corticosteroid therapy typically causes a decrease in potassium levels, making hypokalemia a more relevant concern in this context.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Indwelling urinary catheters can actually increase the risk of UTIs.
Choice B rationale:
Offering the bedpan every 2 hours may not be necessary or practical for all patients.
Choice C rationale:
Cleaning the perineum from back to front can introduce bacteria to the urinary tract, increasing UTI risk.
Choice D rationale:
Adequate hydration can help flush bacteria out of the urinary tract, reducing UTI risk.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Insulin detemir is a long-acting insulin and is not typically used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin and is not typically used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is incorrect. NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin and is not typically used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is correct. Regular insulin is a short-acting insulin and is typically used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis due to its rapid onset of action.
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