A nurse is assessing a client who reports numbness and pain in his right palm, index finger, and middle finger. The client reports working with a keyboard most of the time while at work. The nurse suspects carpal tunnel syndrome. Which of the following tests should the nurse request that the client perform?
Hold the wrist at a 90-degree flexion.
Flex the right arm at the elbow.
Hold the right arm straight.
Extend the right arm upward.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Holding the wrist at a 90-degree flexion is known as Phalen's maneuver, which is a test for carpal tunnel syndrome. This position puts pressure on the median nerve, potentially reproducing the client's symptoms.
B. Flexing the right arm at the elbow is not a specific test for carpal tunnel syndrome.
C. Holding the right arm straight is not a specific test for carpal tunnel syndrome.
D. Extending the right arm upward is not a specific test for carpal tunnel syndrome.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cool extremities are not typically associated with carpal tunnel syndrome. They may be a sign of poor circulation, but this is not a specific finding for carpal tunnel syndrome.
B. Decreased radial pulse is not a characteristic finding of carpal tunnel syndrome. It may indicate issues with blood flow to the hand but is not specific to this condition.
C. Positive Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia and involves facial muscle twitching when the facial nerve is tapped. It is not related to carpal tunnel syndrome.
D. Positive Phalen's sign is a characteristic finding in carpal tunnel syndrome. It involves tingling or numbness in the median nerve distribution (usually thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger) when the wrist is flexed for 60 seconds.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Was hit by another soccer player on the field - This suggests a possible collision injury, which may result in various types of leg or foot injuries, but it doesn't specifically point to an ankle sprain.
B. Twisted his foot while running bases during a baseball game - This mechanism of injury is consistent with an ankle sprain. Twisting the foot during a sudden movement can cause stretching or tearing of ligaments around the ankle.
C. Has ankle pain after running a 16 km (10 mile) race - This suggests an overuse or strain injury, which could include various types of leg injuries, but it doesn't specifically point to an ankle sprain.
D. Dropped a 4.5 kg (10 lb) weight on his lower leg at a health club - This suggests a potential crush or impact injury to the lower leg, which may result in various types of leg injuries, but it doesn't specifically point to an ankle sprain.
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