A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple long bone fractures caused by a motor-vehicle crash that happened 24 hr ago. The client tells the nurse he is short of breath and experiencing chest pain. The nurse should assess the client further for which of the following potential complications?
Hypovolemic shock
Fat embolism syndrome
Venous thromboembolism
Compartment syndrome
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hypovolemic shock is characterized by a significant loss of blood volume. While it can occur due to severe trauma, the symptoms of shortness of breath and chest pain are more indicative of a potential respiratory issue, making Fat Embolism Syndrome (FES) a higher concern in this case.
B. Correct. Given the client's recent multiple long bone fractures and the symptoms of shortness of breath and chest pain, the nurse should be concerned about the possibility of fat embolism syndrome (FES). FES can occur as a result of long bone fractures, particularly those involving the femur, pelvis, or tibia. Fat emboli can enter the bloodstream and potentially obstruct blood vessels, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and altered mental status.
C. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a condition involving the formation of blood clots in the veins, which can lead to complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). While this is a consideration for clients with immobilization due to fractures, it is not the primary concern in this case based on the presenting symptoms.
D. Compartment syndrome is a condition characterized by increased pressure within a muscle compartment, leading to decreased blood flow and potential tissue damage. While it can occur after fractures, it typically presents with symptoms like severe pain, swelling, and tense muscles, rather than shortness of breath and chest pain.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Placing weight on the heels when moving an object can lead to an improper body mechanic. The client should shift their weight onto the balls of their feet for better stability.
B. Standing with feet close together when lifting an object can also lead to improper body mechanics. The client should maintain a wide base of support by keeping their feet shoulder-width apart.
C. Facing the direction of movement when sliding an object across the floor is an example of proper body mechanics. It helps ensure that the client uses their body weight and strength efficiently.
D. Moving the front foot backward when pushing an object can help maintain balance and provide better leverage, which is a correct body mechanics technique. However, the question specifically asks about sliding an object across the floor, not pushing.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Looseness of the stump dressing may indicate the need for adjustment, but it is not a complication in itself.
B. The dressing forming a cone shape over the stump is a not sign of complications.
C. Pitting edema around the stump dressing may indicate swelling, which is common after an amputation. It is important to monitor for excessive edema as it is a sign of potential complication.
D. Figure-eight wrapping around the stump is a technique used to provide even pressure and support, helping to prevent edema and promote healing. It is not a complication.
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