A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Restrict oral fluids to 800 to 1,000 mL/day.
Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride.
Ensure the client receives a 2 g/day sodium diet.
Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally.
The Correct Answer is A
a. Restrict oral fluids to 800 to 1,000 mL/day: Hyponatremia is a characteristic finding in SIADH, and fluid restriction is a key intervention to correct the imbalance.
b. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride: Infusing hypertonic (3%) saline may be indicated in severe cases of hyponatremia, but the initial step is fluid restriction.
c. Ensure the client receives a 2 g/day sodium diet: Dietary sodium restriction is not the primary intervention for SIADH. Fluid restriction is more critical.
d. Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally: Desmopressin acetate is an antidiuretic
hormone and would exacerbate the retention of water, further decreasing sodium levels. It is not the appropriate intervention for this client.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Low BP and low pulse rate: In hypovolemic shock, there is a decrease in blood volume,
leading to low blood pressure. However, the body compensates by increasing the heart rate to maintain perfusion to vital organs.
b. Low BP and high pulse rate: This is indicative of hypovolemic shock. The low blood pressure results from decreased blood volume, while the high pulse rate is a compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output.
c. High BP and low pulse rate: This combination is not typical of hypovolemic shock. High blood pressure is not expected in the presence of decreased blood volume.
d. High BP and high pulse rate: While a high pulse rate is expected in hypovolemic shock, high blood pressure is not a characteristic finding.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
a. Weight gain: Hyperthyroidism is more commonly associated with weight loss due to increased metabolism.
b. Constipation: Hyperthyroidism is more likely to cause diarrhea or increased bowel movements.
c. Frequent mood changes: Hyperthyroidism can lead to mood swings, irritability, and anxiety.
d. Sensitivity to cold: Sensitivity to cold is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism, not hyperthyroidism.
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