A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Restrict oral fluids to 800 to 1,000 mL/day.

Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride.

Ensure the client receives a 2 g/day sodium diet.

Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

a. Restrict oral fluids to 800 to 1,000 mL/day: Hyponatremia is a characteristic finding in SIADH, and fluid restriction is a key intervention to correct the imbalance.

b. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride: Infusing hypertonic (3%) saline may be indicated in severe cases of hyponatremia, but the initial step is fluid restriction.

c. Ensure the client receives a 2 g/day sodium diet: Dietary sodium restriction is not the primary intervention for SIADH. Fluid restriction is more critical.

d. Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally: Desmopressin acetate is an antidiuretic

hormone and would exacerbate the retention of water, further decreasing sodium levels. It is not the appropriate intervention for this client.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

a. Apply a warm cloth over the client's eyes: This intervention is not typically indicated for a client who had a craniotomy. It is important to monitor for signs of increased intracranial pressure, but a warm cloth over the eyes is not a standard intervention.

b. Place the client in a supine position: The position of the client after a craniotomy will depend on the surgeon's preference. It is important to follow specific postoperative positioning

instructions, which may or may not include supine positioning.

c. Maintain seizure precautions: Seizure precautions are crucial for clients who have had a craniotomy, as they are at an increased risk of seizures postoperatively.

d. Obtain a prescription for an opioid medication for pain: Pain management is important, but opioid medications may be carefully titrated due to the potential for respiratory depression and other side effects. It is not the primary intervention in the immediate postoperative period.

A. Type A B. Type B C. Type O D. Type AB

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

a. Type A: Type A blood may not be compatible with the client's blood type, and it is not considered a universal donor.

b. Type B: Similar to Type A, Type B blood may not be compatible with the client's blood type, and it is not considered a universal donor.

c. Type O: Type O negative blood is considered the universal donor for packed red blood cells. It can be administered to individuals with any blood type in an emergency situation.

d. Type AB: While Type AB is considered the universal recipient for blood transfusions, it is not the universal donor.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

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