A nurse is analyzing the laboratory data on a client who has dehydration. Which finding should the nurse anticipate in a client who has fluid volume deficit?

Decreased serum osmolarity

Decreased hematocrit

Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Lower urine specific gravity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Decreased serum osmolarity: Fluid volume deficit typically leads to an increase in serum osmolarity due to concentration of solutes in the blood, not a decrease.

B. Decreased hematocrit: Dehydration causes hemoconcentration, leading to an increase in hematocrit, not a decrease.

C. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN): Dehydration results in decreased renal perfusion and concentration of urea in the blood, leading to elevated BUN levels.

D. Lower urine specific gravity: Dehydration causes increased urine concentration, resulting in higher urine specific gravity, not lower.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Ventrogluteal - The ventrogluteal site is preferred for intramuscular injections in adults due to its proximity to large, deep muscles and minimal risk of injury to major nerves and blood vessels.

B. Dorsogluteal - The dorsogluteal site is not recommended for intramuscular injections due to the risk of injury to the sciatic nerve and superior gluteal artery.

C. Vastus lateralis - The vastus lateralis is a safe site for intramuscular injections, particularly in infants and young children.

D. Rectus femoris - The rectus femoris muscle is not typically used for intramuscular injections due to its superficial location and proximity to major blood vessels.

A. Varicella-zoster B. Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) C. Pertussis D. Rotavirus

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Varicella-zoster requires airborne and contact precautions due to the highly contagious nature of chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (zoster).

B. Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) typically requires contact precautions to prevent transmission.

C. Pertussis is spread via respiratory droplets, so droplet precautions are necessary to prevent transmission.

D. Rotavirus is transmitted via the fecal-oral route and typically requires contact precautions.

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A nurse is analyzing the laboratory data on a client who has dehydration. Which finding should the nurse anticipate in a client who has fluid volume deficit?

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