A nurse in the outpatient setting is evaluating a client with new chronic renal failure. The client has many questions about diet and prevention of complications.
(Select All that Apply.)
Calcium
Calories
Phosphorus
Sodium
Protein
Correct Answer : C,D,E
A. Calcium: Clients with CKD may have low calcium levels due to impaired vitamin D metabolism; calcium may need to be supplemented, not restricted.
B. Calories: Clients need sufficient calories to prevent catabolism. Calorie intake is typically maintained or increased, not restricted.
C. Phosphorus: Phosphorus builds up in CKD, leading to bone disorders and vascular calcification; must be limited.
D. Sodium: Sodium contributes to fluid retention and hypertension, which are problematic in CKD.
E. Protein: Protein intake is moderated (especially in non-dialysis clients) to reduce nitrogenous waste buildup, though dialysis clients may need more.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Left arm (entire): 9%
Anterior chest: 18%
Total: 9% + 18% = 27%
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hypomagnesemia: Magnesium levels are typically elevated in AKI due to reduced excretion.
B. Decreased creatinine level: Creatinine rises during the oliguric phase due to decreased filtration.
C. Hyperkalemia: Potassium accumulates in the blood during oliguria due to impaired excretion.
D. Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR): GFR is decreased in AKI.
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