A nurse in the outpatient setting is evaluating a client with new chronic renal failure. The client has many questions about diet and prevention of complications.

Exhibits
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client diagnosed with chronic renal disease. The nurse should instruct the client to limit which of the following nutrients?
(Select All that Apply.)

Calcium

Calories

Phosphorus

Sodium

Protein

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E

A. Calcium: Clients with CKD may have low calcium levels due to impaired vitamin D metabolism; calcium may need to be supplemented, not restricted.

B. Calories: Clients need sufficient calories to prevent catabolism. Calorie intake is typically maintained or increased, not restricted.

C. Phosphorus: Phosphorus builds up in CKD, leading to bone disorders and vascular calcification; must be limited.

D. Sodium: Sodium contributes to fluid retention and hypertension, which are problematic in CKD.

E. Protein: Protein intake is moderated (especially in non-dialysis clients) to reduce nitrogenous waste buildup, though dialysis clients may need more.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "You have a genetic tendency for the development of anemia.”: Anemia in CKD is primarily due to impaired erythropoietin production, not genetics.

B. "The increased metabolic waste products in your body depress the bone marrow and cause anemia.”: While uremic toxins may have some marrow-suppressive effects, the main cause is lack of erythropoietin.

C. "There is a decreased production by the kidneys of the hormone erythropoietin which is the cause of your anemia.”: In CKD, damaged kidneys produce less erythropoietin, leading to reduced RBC production and anemia.

D. "You are not eating enough iron-rich foods, which is causing anemia.”: Although iron deficiency can contribute, this is not the primary cause in CKD-related anemia.

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"C"}

Explanation

Critical to assess: A. Airway patency and signs of inhalation injury

Clients in enclosed-space fires are at high risk for inhalation injury, which can lead to airway edema and obstruction. This is the first priority.

Critical assessment finding: C. Singed nasal hairs and soot around the nares

These are hallmark signs of possible inhalation injury and may indicate airway compromise even before symptoms become severe.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client experiencing fatigue secondary to anemia from chronic kidney disease (CKD). How should the nurse respond when the client asks about the cause of the anemia symptoms they are experiencing?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"C"}

Explanation

A 65-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with complaints of decreased urine output, fatigue, and swelling in the legs. Which of the following clinical cues is most indicative of acute kidney injury?

A nurse has accepted care of a client with a major burn injury. The burns are 2nd and 3rd degree and estimated at 45% of total body surface area (TBSA). In addressing the pathophysiologic changes resulting from major burns the nurse is aware that the priority intervention for this client is?

A nurse is assessing a client who has an electrical burn. Which of the following cues should the nurse recognize as indicating a potential complication of the burn injury?

A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material, and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury (AKI)?

A nurse is planning meals for a client diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nurse should recognize that which dietary choices are appropriate for the client?

A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) that is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is experiencing fluid overload?

A nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) about limiting foods that are high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is conducting an assessment of a client with a severe circumferential burn injury to the forearm. Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize? (Select All that Apply.)