A nurse is caring for a client post hemodialysis. The nurse assesses bleeding at the AV fistula site, the nurse should prioritize which of the following actions?

Obtain a complete blood count (CBC)

Start IV fluids

Apply direct pressure

Administer pain medication

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Obtain a complete blood count (CBC): This is not the immediate action in an active bleeding scenario.

B. Start IV fluids: This may be needed later if significant blood loss occurs, but not the first response.

C. Apply direct pressure: Bleeding from a fistula requires immediate direct pressure to prevent blood loss and preserve vascular access.

D. Administer pain medication: Pain management is important but not the priority in acute bleeding.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hyperkalemia: In AKI, the kidneys cannot excrete potassium efficiently, leading to elevated potassium levels.

B. Hypernatremia: More common in dehydration but not typically associated with prerenal AKI, where sodium may actually be low due to dilution.

C. Hypophosphatemia: Phosphate tends to increase due to impaired excretion in AKI, not decrease.

D. Hypercalcemia: Calcium levels tend to decrease in AKI due to phosphate retention and reduced vitamin D activation.

A. Administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate. B. Initiating an IV potassium infusion. C. Administering a potassium-sparing diuretic. D. Encouraging the client to eat bananas.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate:
This medication removes potassium through the GI tract and is used to treat hyperkalemia.

B. Initiating an IV potassium infusion:
The client already has hyperkalemia; giving potassium would worsen it.

C. Administering a potassium-sparing diuretic:
These medications retain potassium and would further elevate potassium levels.

D. Encouraging the client to eat bananas:
Bananas are high in potassium and should be avoided in hyperkalemia.

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A nurse is caring for a client post hemodialysis. The nurse assesses bleeding at the AV fistula site, the nurse should prioritize which of the following actions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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