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A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed cyclosporine following a kidney transplant. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following foods can increase cyclosporine levels to a toxic level?

Orange juice

Bananas

Grapefruit juice

Smoked salmon

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Orange juice: Does not affect cyclosporine metabolism.

B. Bananas: No known interaction with cyclosporine.

C. Grapefruit juice: Inhibits CYP3A4 enzyme in the liver, which increases cyclosporine levels, leading to toxicity.

D. Smoked salmon: May contain sodium but does not interact with cyclosporine metabolism.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Omeprazole: Not directly nephrotoxic, but long-term use has been associated with interstitial nephritis, although rarely.

B. Ondansetron: Generally safe in renal disease and not known to cause nephrotoxicity.

C. Vancomycin: Known nephrotoxic agent, especially with high trough levels or when used with other nephrotoxins; requires dose adjustment in CKD.

D. Diphenhydramine: Not nephrotoxic; primarily affects the CNS and anticholinergic systems.

A. "You have a genetic tendency for the development of anemia." B. "The increased metabolic waste products in your body depress the bone marrow and cause anemia." C. "There is a decreased production by the kidneys of the hormone erythropoietin, which is the cause of your anemia." D. "You are not eating enough iron-rich foods, which is causing anemia."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "You have a genetic tendency for the development of anemia.”: Anemia in CKD is primarily due to impaired erythropoietin production, not genetics.

B. "The increased metabolic waste products in your body depress the bone marrow and cause anemia.”: While uremic toxins may have some marrow-suppressive effects, the main cause is lack of erythropoietin.

C. "There is a decreased production by the kidneys of the hormone erythropoietin which is the cause of your anemia.”: In CKD, damaged kidneys produce less erythropoietin, leading to reduced RBC production and anemia.

D. "You are not eating enough iron-rich foods, which is causing anemia.”: Although iron deficiency can contribute, this is not the primary cause in CKD-related anemia.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed cyclosporine following a kidney transplant. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following foods can increase cyclosporine levels to a toxic level?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

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