A nurse is caring for a client with 45% total body surface area (TBSA) thermal burns. During the emergent, initial phases of burn shock the nurse should closely monitor for which electrolyte imbalance?
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Hypernatremia
Hypocalcemia
The Correct Answer is A
A. Hyperkalemia: During the emergent phase, massive cell injury causes potassium to leak into the extracellular space, raising serum K+ levels.
B. Hypokalemia: More common later in the fluid resuscitation or diuretic phase.
C. Hypernatremia: Sodium is often lost into burned tissues or with fluid shifts; hyponatremia may be seen early.
D. Hypocalcemia: While possible, especially if blood products are given, hyperkalemia is more prominent early.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hamburger on a bun and a banana: Bananas are high in potassium, which must be restricted in CKD. Processed hamburger meat may also be high in sodium and phosphorus.
B. Spaghetti and meat sauce with breadsticks: Pasta and meat sauce are generally low in potassium and phosphorus if made without salt substitutes. Breadsticks are low in potassium.
C. Carrots and spinach: Spinach is high in potassium and phosphorus. Cooked carrots are borderline and must be portion-controlled.
D. Cold cuts with bun and fresh pears: Cold cuts are typically high in sodium and phosphorus. Pears are generally acceptable, but the entire meal is unsuitable due to the cold cuts.
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
A. Assessing the client's support system: Important in overall care, but not a priority in the acute phase.
B. Assessing and removing any rings or jewelry from affected limb: Jewelry can cause constriction due to swelling; removing it prevents further vascular compromise.
C. Assessing the client's circulation distal to the burn site: Circumferential burns can compromise perfusion due to edema or eschar formation. Checking pulses, cap refill, and sensation is essential.
D. Assessing the client's urine output: Important in systemic burns, but not directly related to a localized forearm burn.
E. Assessing the client's respiratory function: Critical in burns involving the face or inhalation injury, but not the forearm.
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