A nurse in a substance abuse clinic is assessing a client who was recently prescribed disulfiram. The patient suddenly stopped taking this medication and is now complaining of severe nausea and vomiting. What should the nurse suspect is likely the cause of the client's distress?
The client is experiencing a common side effect to the medication.
The client consumed alcohol while taking the medication.
The client may have taken an overdose of this medication.
The client is demonstrating an allergic response to this medication.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Disulfiram itself does not usually cause nausea and vomiting unless combined with alcohol.
B. Disulfiram is used as aversion therapy for alcohol dependence. If the client consumes alcohol while on disulfiram, it produces an acetaldehyde reaction causing severe nausea, vomiting, flushing, hypotension, and palpitations.
C. Overdose may cause neurologic or cardiac issues, but the hallmark reaction is linked to alcohol consumption.
D. Allergic reactions would typically involve rash, swelling, or respiratory distress, not severe nausea and vomiting alone.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While laboratory tests are important for assessing electrolyte imbalances and liver function, they are not the immediate priority in acute alcohol withdrawal.
B. Acute alcohol withdrawal can rapidly lead to seizures and delirium tremens, which are life-threatening. Patient safety and prevention of injury are the priority.
C. Neurological assessment is important, but first ensuring the client’s safety from potential seizures takes precedence.
D. IV access is necessary for fluid or medication administration, but it follows implementing immediate safety measures.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Assessing lung sounds and extremities is not a priority in this context unless there are signs of fluid overload or other complications; it does not address the psychosocial aspect of anorexia recovery.
B. Positive reinforcement encourages the patient’s healthy behaviors and progress, helping to build motivation and self-esteem during the challenging refeeding process. Recognizing the patient’s achievement supports therapeutic engagement and adherence to treatment goals.
C. Immediately establishing a higher weight gain goal may increase anxiety or pressure on the patient, potentially undermining adherence and progress. Goals should remain realistic and individualized.
D. Suggesting aerobic exercise is inappropriate at this stage of refeeding, as excessive activity can interfere with weight restoration and may reinforce disordered behaviors.
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