A nurse in a substance abuse clinic is assessing a client who was recently prescribed disulfiram. The patient suddenly stopped taking this medication and is now complaining of severe nausea and vomiting. What should the nurse suspect is likely the cause of the client's distress?

The client is experiencing a common side effect to the medication.

The client consumed alcohol while taking the medication.

The client may have taken an overdose of this medication.

The client is demonstrating an allergic response to this medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Disulfiram itself does not usually cause nausea and vomiting unless combined with alcohol.
B. Disulfiram is used as aversion therapy for alcohol dependence. If the client consumes alcohol while on disulfiram, it produces an acetaldehyde reaction causing severe nausea, vomiting, flushing, hypotension, and palpitations.
C. Overdose may cause neurologic or cardiac issues, but the hallmark reaction is linked to alcohol consumption.
D. Allergic reactions would typically involve rash, swelling, or respiratory distress, not severe nausea and vomiting alone.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Culturally influenced responses relate to behaviors shaped by cultural norms, not a temporary feeling of restlessness before a test.
B. Mild anxiety is characterized by increased alertness, restlessness, and improved concentration, which can actually enhance performance on tasks like taking a test.
C. Displacement is a defense mechanism in which emotions are transferred to a less threatening object or person, not simply feeling restless.
D. Trait anxiety refers to a long-term personality characteristic of being generally anxious, not a situational response before an exam.

A. Lorazepam (Ativan) B. Amitriptyline (Elavil) C. Buspirone (Buspar) D. Desipramine (Norpramin)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that acts quickly to relieve acute anxiety, making it the medication of choice for sudden episodes of severe anxiety.

B. Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant used for long-term management of depression and anxiety, not for rapid relief of acute anxiety.

C. Buspirone is an anxiolytic effective for chronic anxiety but has a delayed onset of action and is not effective for sudden episodes.

D. Desipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant primarily used for depression and certain chronic anxiety disorders, not for immediate relief of severe anxiety.

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A nurse in a substance abuse clinic is assessing a client who was recently prescribed disulfiram. The patient suddenly stopped taking this medication and is now complaining of severe nausea and vomiting. What should the nurse suspect is likely the cause of the client's distress?

Nursing Test Bank

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