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A family of a client who has a medical history of stroke, hyperlipidemia, and peptic ulcer disease arrives at the memory care clinic with concerns about their loved one. The family states that the client has experienced worsening memory loss and forgetfulness over the last 6 months. The nurse is concerned the client is experiencing vascular dementia, due to which of the following factors?

The client's history of hyperlipidemia, because hyperlipidemia can lead to dementia due to blocked neuron communication throughout the body.

The client's history of peptic ulcer disease, because peptic ulcer disease can lead to dementia due to the loss of nerve cells in the stomach.

The client's history of peptic ulcer disease, because peptic ulcer disease can lead to dementia by destroying neuron communication in the stomach.

The client's history of stroke, because stroke can lead to dementia due to changes in the blood vessels of the brain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. While hyperlipidemia can contribute to vascular damage, it primarily increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke, rather than directly blocking neuron communication to cause dementia.
B. Peptic ulcer disease is not associated with dementia, and the loss of nerve cells in the stomach does not lead to cognitive decline.
C. Peptic ulcer disease does not cause dementia by impacting neuron communication in the stomach.
D. Vascular dementia is often caused by stroke due to reduced blood flow or damage to the blood vessels in the brain, leading to cognitive decline and memory loss.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Varicose veins are typically associated with venous insufficiency rather than coronary artery disease.
B. Chest pain, or angina, is a common symptom of coronary artery disease due to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.
C. Palpitations can occur in clients with coronary artery disease as the heart compensates for decreased perfusion.
D. Shortness of breath can result from decreased cardiac output and oxygenation due to coronary artery disease.
E. A heart murmur is not a typical manifestation of coronary artery disease; it is more associated with valvular heart disease.

A. Ability to recall how the injury occurred B. Pooling of blood and edema around the eyes C. Bruising over the mastoid process D. Chvostek's sign

Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

A. Clients with a basilar skull fracture may experience confusion or memory loss regarding the injury, making them unable to recall how it occurred.
B. Pooling of blood around the eyes, known as "raccoon eyes," is a common sign of a basilar skull fracture.
C. Bruising over the mastoid process (Battle's sign) is another classic sign of a basilar skull fracture, indicating trauma to the base of the skull.
D. Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not basilar skull fractures.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data on a client who has coronary artery disease. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse has received report on a client who has a basilar skull fracture. Which of the following findings should the nurse anticipate with this client?

Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has infective endocarditis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as a complication of this disorder?

A nurse is reinforcing health screening education with a group of clients. The nurse should recognize that which of the following clients has the greatest risk for hypertension?

A nurse is caring for a client who has thrombophlebitis and is receiving a continuous heparin infusion. Which of the following medications should the nurse have available to reverse heparin's effects?

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client following a left femoral cardiac angiography. The nurse should place a sandbag on the client over which of the following areas?

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who was admitted to the telemetry unit after he experienced chest pain, dyspnea, and diaphoresis. Which of the following ECG findings is a manifestation of acute myocardial infarction?

A nurse is collecting data on a client who has a heart rate of 56/min. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is collecting data on a client who has multiple sclerosis. The client reports there are times when the symptoms are active and times when there are no symptoms. Which of the following types of multiple sclerosis does this pattern indicate?