A client with hypovolemic shock who did not respond to fluid resuscitation is started on norepinephrine. What is the desired outcome?

Urine output of less than 0.5mL/kg

Improved mental status, decreased lactate level

A mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 65

A pain level of 4 or less on a scale of 0-10

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Urine output of less than 0.5 mL/kg

Norepinephrine is a vasopressor used to improve perfusion. A urine output of less than 0.5 mL/kg suggests ongoing hypoperfusion and inadequate organ perfusion, which is an undesirable outcome.

B. Improved mental status, decreased lactate level

These are positive indicators of improved perfusion and oxygen delivery, but they are not the primary target for norepinephrine therapy.

C. A mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 65

A MAP of at least 65 mmHg is the target for vasopressor therapy, as it ensures adequate perfusion of vital organs.

D. A pain level of 4 or less on a scale of 0-10

While pain management is important, norepinephrine’s primary role is not pain control but rather maintaining adequate perfusion.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Bend the client’s head toward their chest is correct because Brudzinski’s sign is tested by flexing the client’s neck and observing for an involuntary flexion of the hips and knees, which suggests meningeal irritation.

B. Ask the client to extend both arms above their head is incorrect; this is not part of the test for Brudzinski’s sign.

C. Place the client in a supine position is correct because the test must be done with the client lying flat on their back.

D. The nurse will place a hand behind the client’s head is correct because the nurse gently lifts the client’s head to assess for involuntary hip and knee flexion.

E. Assist the client to bend their knee 90 degrees is incorrect; knee bending is not required for Brudzinski’s sign but is part of Kernig’s sign testing.

A. Administer each unit of blood over 34 hour B. Anticipate an order for acetaminophen C. Anticipate an order for furosemide administration D. Assess for signs and symptoms of fluid overload E. Anticipate administration of FFP for the next transfusion

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Administer each unit of blood over 3–4 hours

Older clients with CHF cannot tolerate rapid fluid shifts. Blood should be administered slowly (over 3–4 hours per unit) to prevent fluid overload.

B. Anticipate an order for acetaminophen

Acetaminophen is not routinely given before blood transfusions unless the client has a history of febrile reactions.

C. Anticipate an order for furosemide administration

Loop diuretics like furosemide may be ordered between units to prevent fluid overload in CHF patients.

D. Assess for signs and symptoms of fluid overload

CHF patients are at high risk for fluid overload, leading to dyspnea, crackles, and increased BP.

E. Anticipate administration of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) for the next transfusion

FFP is given for coagulation disorders, not for treating anemia in a GI bleed.

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A client with hypovolemic shock who did not respond to fluid resuscitation is started on norepinephrine. What is the desired outcome?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a client for Brudzinskis sign as part of their neurologic assessment. Which of the following are appropriate actions by the nurse when performing this technique? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for an 82-year-old client with a history of coronary artery disease. ML. and CHF. The client is to receive 2 units of packed red blood cells for acute blood loss from a Grbleed. What would be the nursing priorities for blood administration of this client? (Select All that Apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

What action priority in preventing anaphylactic shock?

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