A client with bacterial gastroenteritis asks the nurse about the mechanism of action of the causative bacteria. What response by the nurse is correct?
"The bacteria release toxins that directly damage the gastrointestinal lining."
"The bacteria invade and destroy the cells lining the small intestine."
"The bacteria induce an immune response leading to inflammation."
"The bacteria disrupt the balance of normal gut flora."
The Correct Answer is A
A) Correct. Many bacteria that cause gastroenteritis release toxins that directly damage the gastrointestinal lining.
B) Incorrect. While invasion of cells can occur with certain bacteria, it is not the primary mechanism of action for all bacterial gastroenteritis.
C) Incorrect. While inflammation is a common response to bacterial infection, it may not be the primary mechanism of all cases of bacterial gastroenteritis.
D) Incorrect. Disruption of normal gut flora is more commonly associated with certain types of antibiotics rather than the direct mechanism of bacteria causing gastroenteritis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct. Severe bacterial gastroenteritis can lead to significant fluid and electrolyte imbalances, including hypokalemia, which can be life-threatening.
B) Incorrect. Hypertension is not a typical complication of gastroenteritis.
C) Incorrect. Hypernatremia, or high sodium levels, is not a common complication of gastroenteritis.
D) Incorrect. Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar levels, is not a typical complication of gastroenteritis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Avoiding fluids can lead to dehydration. It's important to maintain hydration, especially in cases of gastroenteritis.
B) Correct. Clear fluids like water, broth, and oral rehydration solutions help replace lost fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration.
C) Incorrect. Caffeinated beverages can lead to further dehydration due to their diuretic effect, so they should be avoided.
D) Incorrect. Fruit juices and carbonated beverages can exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms and are not recommended during the acute phase of gastroenteritis.
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