A client wants to understand the factors that contribute to the development of depression. Which of the following factors are mentioned in the text as potential contributors to depression?
Positive life events.
High income.
Lack of social support.
Optimistic thinking.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Positive life events, although beneficial, are not typically considered contributors to the development of depression. Positive events generally have a positive impact on mental health and may even serve as protective factors against depression.
Choice B rationale:
High income is not commonly recognized as a direct contributor to depression. In fact, higher income can provide access to better resources and opportunities that might contribute to better mental health outcomes.
Choice C rationale:
Lack of social support is a well-established factor contributing to the development of depression. Social support plays a crucial role in buffering against stress and providing individuals with a sense of belonging and emotional connection. A lack of strong social ties can lead to feelings of isolation and increase vulnerability to depression.
Choice D rationale:
Optimistic thinking is typically considered a protective factor against depression rather than a contributor to its development. Optimistic thinking involves a positive outlook on life and the expectation of positive outcomes, which can act as a resilience factor against depressive symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Genetic predisposition refers to a person's susceptibility to certain conditions based on their genetic makeup. While genetics can play a role in predisposing someone to depression, it is not considered a psychosocial factor. Genetic factors are biological in nature and do not directly involve social and psychological influences.
Choice B rationale:
The role of stress and life events is a significant psychosocial factor related to depression. Stressful life events, such as trauma, loss, or major life changes, can trigger or exacerbate depressive episodes in susceptible individuals. The interaction between these external stressors and an individual's psychological responses is a key aspect of psychosocial factors.
Choice C rationale:
Interpersonal relationships are another important psychosocial factor linked to depression. Poor interpersonal relationships, social isolation, and conflicts with friends or family can contribute to feelings of loneliness and despair, increasing the risk of developing depression.
Choice D rationale:
Cognitive factors, including negative thought patterns and distorted thinking, are considered psychosocial contributors to depression. Cognitive theories of depression emphasize how an individual's thought processes, self-perception, and interpretation of events can influence their emotional state. Dysfunctional thought patterns, such as excessive self-criticism or hopelessness, can contribute to the development and maintenance of depressive symptoms.
Choice E rationale:
Neurotransmitter imbalances are not psychosocial factors. They are more related to the biological underpinnings of depression rather than the social and psychological influences explored in psychosocial factors.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Patient Health naire (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 is a commonly used depression assessment tool that evaluates a patient's mood and depressive symptoms. It consists of nine questions that correspond to the nine criteria for diagnosing major depressive disorder (MDD) according to the DSM-5. The tool assesses various aspects of depression, such as mood, sleep disturbances, appetite changes, and more. It's a self-report questionnaire that helps clinicians assess the severity of a patient's depression and track their progress over time.
Choice B rationale:
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) is another widely used tool for assessing the severity of depressive symptoms in patients with mood disorders. It contains multiple items that evaluate various aspects of depression, such as mood, feelings of guilt, suicidal ideation, and more. Unlike the PHQ-9, the HAM-D is typically administered by a trained clinician and is more extensive, making it suitable for clinical research and diagnosis but potentially less practical for routine screening.
Choice C rationale:
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a self-report questionnaire designed to assess the presence and severity of depressive symptoms in individuals. It consists of 21 multiple-choice questions that cover various emotional, cognitive, and physical symptoms of depression. The BDI is useful for assessing the intensity of depression and changes in symptom severity over time. While a valuable tool, it's not the assessment tool most likely used in this scenario.
Choice D rationale:
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is not an appropriate tool for assessing depression. Instead, it's a brief cognitive screening test used to assess cognitive impairment and cognitive decline in individuals, especially in older adults. It evaluates aspects such as orientation, memory, attention, language, and visuospatial skills. It is not designed to assess mood, anxiety, or other emotional aspects related to depression.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.