(Select All That Apply): A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) according to DSM-5. Which of the following are part of the diagnostic criteria? Select all that apply.
Symptoms must cause mild distress.
At least one symptom must be insomnia.
Symptoms must not be due to a medical condition.
Presence of a manic or hypomanic episode.
Five or more symptoms present during a 2-week period.
Correct Answer : C,E
Choice A rationale:
Symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) are characterized by causing significant distress, not mild distress. The distress associated with MDD is usually severe and impairs daily functioning.
Choice B rationale:
While insomnia is a common symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD), it is not necessary for the diagnosis. Other symptoms, such as changes in appetite, psychomotor agitation or retardation, fatigue, and diminished interest or pleasure, can also contribute to the diagnosis.
Choice C rationale:
The correct answer. Symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) must not be due to a medical condition. It's crucial to rule out medical conditions that can mimic depressive symptoms, such as hypothyroidism or certain neurological disorders.
Choice D rationale:
The presence of a manic or hypomanic episode would indicate a diagnosis of bipolar disorder, not major depressive disorder (MDD). Bipolar disorder involves distinct periods of both elevated mood and depressive episodes.
Choice E rationale:
The correct answer. To meet the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) according to DSM-5, an individual must experience five or more symptoms of depression during a continuous two-week period. These symptoms must include either depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure. The scenario did not specify all the symptoms, but the persistent feelings of sadness, guilt, worthlessness, weight loss, and insomnia described align with the criteria.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Increased appetite is not a commonly associated side effect of antidepressant medications. In fact, some antidepressants can lead to decreased appetite or weight loss as side effects.
Choice B rationale:
Hypertension (high blood pressure) is generally not a common side effect of most antidepressant medications. However, there are specific cases where certain antidepressants might have an impact on blood pressure, but it's not a typical side effect across the board.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct statement. Insomnia, or difficulty sleeping, is a commonly reported side effect of many antidepressant medications. It can disrupt sleep patterns and lead to increased sleep difficulties, which might exacerbate existing sleep problems or contribute to new ones.
Choice D rationale:
Excessive energy is not a common side effect associated with antidepressant use. Antidepressants typically work to regulate mood and alleviate symptoms of depression, and excessive energy would not align with the expected effects of these medications.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The correct answer. A positive family history of mood disorders is a well-established risk factor for developing major depressive disorder (MDD). Genetic factors play a significant role in predisposing individuals to MDD, making it more likely to develop if there's a family history of mood disorders.
Choice B rationale:
Optimistic personality traits are not considered risk factors for developing major depressive disorder (MDD). In fact, having an optimistic personality might serve as a protective factor against developing MDD.
Choice C rationale:
The correct answer. Young age is a risk factor for developing MDD. Adolescents and young adults are particularly susceptible to the onset of depressive disorders due to hormonal changes, emotional challenges, and life transitions during this developmental stage.
Choice D rationale:
High socioeconomic status is not a consistent risk factor for developing major depressive disorder (MDD). While individuals from various socioeconomic backgrounds can develop MDD, the factors contributing to its development are more complex and not solely dependent on socioeconomic status.
Choice E rationale:
The correct answer. Chronic medical conditions are risk factors for developing major depressive disorder (MDD). The stress, emotional toll, and physiological effects of living with a chronic illness can contribute to the onset or exacerbation of depressive symptoms.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.