A client suspected of having a pulmonary embolism complains of sudden chest pain and difficulty breathing. The nurse auscultates the client's chest and notes crackling sounds during inspiration. Which term describes these crackling sounds?
Wheezing
Rhonchi
Stridor
Rales (crackles)
The Correct Answer is D
A) Incorrect. Wheezing is a high-pitched whistling sound that occurs during expiration and is not associated with crackling sounds.
B) Incorrect. Rhonchi are continuous low-pitched sounds heard during both inspiration and expiration, usually due to airway obstruction.
C) Incorrect. Stridor is a high-pitched, crowing sound that occurs during inspiration and suggests upper airway obstruction.
D) Correct. Rales, also known as crackles, are crackling or popping sounds heard during inspiration and can be indicative of fluid or inflammation in the lungs, which can occur with pulmonary embolism.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Pulmonary embolism does not directly affect the bronchial tubes or cause airway constriction.
B) Incorrect. While inflammation can occur as a response to pulmonary embolism, its primary impact is on blood flow, not the alveoli.
C) Correct. The main effect of pulmonary embolism is the disruption of blood flow to lung tissue, reducing oxygen supply.
D) Incorrect. Excessive mucus production is not a characteristic effect of pulmonary embolism.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct. Smoking cessation is an important lifestyle modification to reduce the risk of recurrent pulmonary embolism. Smoking is a risk factor for blood clot formation.
B) Incorrect. Limiting physical activity is not recommended, as moderate physical activity can be beneficial. However, strenuous activity may need to be adjusted depending on the individual's condition and treatment.
C) Incorrect. A high-sodium diet is not recommended, as excessive sodium intake can contribute to hypertension, which is a risk factor for blood clots.
D) Incorrect. Avoiding vaccinations is not relevant to the prevention of pulmonary embolism. Vaccinations are essential for preventing certain infections.
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