A client is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. The nurse should do which of the following pre-procedure tasks? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

withhold food and oral fluids before the procedure

review medications the client has taken in the last 24 hours

verify that written consent has been obtained

check for iodine sensitivity

administer all ordered oral medications

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D

Withhold food and oral fluids before the procedure

Withholding food and oral fluids before the procedure is essential to prevent complications during the cardiac catheterization. The client is typically NPO (nothing by mouth) for a specified period before the procedure.

B. Review medications the client has taken in the last 24 hours

Reviewing the client's medications is crucial to ensure that any medications affecting coagulation or blood vessels are appropriately managed before the cardiac catheterization.

C. Verify that written consent has been obtained

Verifying the presence of written consent is a critical step to confirm that the client has been adequately informed about the procedure, its risks, and benefits, and has given consent for the cardiac catheterization.

D. Check for iodine sensitivity

Checking for iodine sensitivity is important because iodinated contrast dye is commonly used during cardiac catheterization. Allergies or sensitivities to iodine contrast must be identified to prevent adverse reactions.

E. Administer all ordered oral medications

Administration of oral medications before the procedure depends on the specific medications and the healthcare provider's instructions. Some medications may be held, while others may be continued as prescribed.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "The test will provide a detailed profile of the heart’s electrical activity."

This statement is inappropriate because transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) primarily provides detailed images of the heart's structure, such as the valves and chambers, rather than focusing on the heart's electrical activity. The assessment of electrical activity is typically associated with electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) rather than echocardiography.

B. "I will need to start an IV in your arm before the test."

This statement is appropriate. It is common for medical procedures, including TEE, to require an intravenous (IV) line for administration of medications or fluids during or after the procedure.

C. "Your throat may be a little sore after the exam."

This statement is appropriate. TEE involves inserting a probe through the esophagus, and it is common for patients to experience a sore throat afterward due to the presence of the probe.

D. "You will need to refrain from eating and drinking 6-8 hours before this test."

This statement is appropriate. It is standard practice to ask patients to fast for a specific period before TEE to minimize the risk of complications, such as aspiration, during the procedure.

A. The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) B. The development of left sided heart failure C. The development of right-sided heart failure D. The development of cor pulmonale

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Explanation: The signs and symptoms described, including crackles, orthopnea, S3 heart sound, cough with pink, frothy sputum, and low pulse oximetry, are more indicative of heart failure than COPD.

B. The development of left-sided heart failure

Explanation: This is the correct answer. The signs and symptoms, such as crackles, orthopnea, and cough with pink, frothy sputum, are characteristic of left-sided heart failure. The S3 heart sound is often associated with increased ventricular filling pressures.

C. The development of right-sided heart failure

Explanation: The presented signs and symptoms are more consistent with left-sided heart failure. Right-sided heart failure is often associated with peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, and jugular venous distension.

D. The development of cor pulmonale

Explanation: Cor pulmonale is typically associated with right-sided heart failure due to chronic lung disease. The signs and symptoms described are more indicative of left-sided heart failure.

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A client is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. The nurse should do which of the following pre-procedure tasks? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a complex cardiac history is scheduled for transesophageal echocardiography. Which of the following statements, if made by the nurse, is inappropriate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client has a myocardial infarction in the left ventricle and develops crackles bilaterally: 3 pillow orthopnea; an S3 heart sound; and a cough with pink, frothy sputum. The nurse obtains a pulse oximetry reading of 88%. What do these signs and symptoms indicate for this client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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