The nurse is teaching a client about some of the health consequences of uncontrolled hypertension. What health problems should the nurse describe. (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Retinal Hemorrhage

Ventricular hypertrophy

Cerebrovascular Disease

Venous insufficiency

Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs)

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

A. Retinal Hemorrhage

Uncontrolled hypertension can damage the blood vessels in the eyes, leading to retinal hemorrhages. This can result in vision problems and, in severe cases, vision loss.

B. Ventricular Hypertrophy

Uncontrolled hypertension causes the heart to pump against increased resistance, leading to the thickening and enlargement of the left ventricle. Ventricular hypertrophy is a response to the increased workload on the heart and is associated with an increased risk of heart failure.

C. Cerebrovascular Disease

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases, including strokes. Elevated blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the brain, increasing the risk of stroke. Strokes can have serious consequences, affecting various neurological functions.

D. Venous Insufficiency

Venous insufficiency is not typically directly associated with uncontrolled hypertension. It is more commonly related to problems with the venous system, such as damaged valves in the veins, leading to poor blood flow back to the heart. While hypertension can affect arteries, venous insufficiency is a distinct condition.

E. Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs)

Uncontrolled hypertension increases the risk of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), which are brief episodes of neurological dysfunction caused by temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain. TIAs are often considered warning signs of an increased risk of stroke.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Normal sinus rhythm that becomes sinus tachycardia

Sinus tachycardia can be an indication of increased sympathetic activity in response to decreased cardiac output. It may suggest the heart's compensatory response to maintain adequate perfusion.

B. Onset of a cough with pink, frothy sputum

Pink, frothy sputum is a classic sign of pulmonary edema, which can occur in the setting of worsening heart failure. It indicates the presence of blood-tinged fluid in the alveoli.

C. Presence of dyspnea at rest

Dyspnea at rest suggests that the client is experiencing difficulty breathing even without physical exertion. This can be indicative of more severe heart failure.

D. Falls asleep when not disturbed

Falling asleep when not disturbed may indicate fatigue or exhaustion, which is common in individuals with heart failure. However, it is not a direct indicator of worsening heart failure and can be influenced by various factors.

E. Urine drainage is increased in amount

Increased urine output can be a sign of diuretic therapy or an attempt by the body to compensate for fluid overload. However, it is essential to consider other factors such as renal function and medication effects.

Correct Answer is ["4"]

Explanation

Warfarin (Coumadin) is an anticoagulant medication that prevents blood clots from forming or growing larger. It is prescribed for clients who have atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or artificial heart valves.

The physician orders warfarin 10 mg PO to be administered to a client at 1800 today. The pharmacy only has 2.5 mg tablets available. To calculate the number of tablets that the nurse will administer, the nurse will divide the ordered dose by the available dose. The formula is:

Number of tablets = Ordered dose / Available dose

Number of tablets = 10 mg / 2.5 mg

Number of tablets = 4

Therefore, the nurse will administer 4 tablets of warfarin 2.5 mg PO to the client at 1800 today

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The nurse is teaching a client about some of the health consequences of uncontrolled hypertension. What health problems should the nurse describe. (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse on a cardiac unit is caring for a client admitted with an acute exacerbation of heart failure. The nurse concludes that the client’s condition is worsening after noting which client data during assessment. (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

The physician orders warfarin (Coumadin) 10 mg PO to be administered to a client at 1800 today. The pharmacy only has 2.5 mg tablets available. How many tablets will the nurse administer?

Correct Answer is ["4"]

Explanation

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The nurse is teaching a client about some of the health consequences of uncontrolled hypertension. What health problems should the nurse describe. (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)