The nurse is caring for a client who has signs and symptoms of heart failure. Which of the following diagnostic tests is appropriate to assess the patient’s heart failure?

International normalized ratio (INR)

Brain natriuric peptide (BNP)

Troponin

Creatinine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. International normalized ratio (INR):

INR is a test used to monitor the effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy, particularly drugs like warfarin. It measures the time it takes for blood to clot. It's not directly related to assessing heart failure but is more associated with monitoring anticoagulation status.

B. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP):

BNP is a peptide released by the heart in response to increased pressure and volume in the heart, often seen in heart failure. Elevated BNP levels can indicate the presence of heart failure. It's a useful diagnostic marker for heart failure.

C. Troponin:

Troponin is a protein released into the blood when there is damage to the heart muscle, usually during a heart attack. It is not specific to heart failure but is commonly used to diagnose myocardial infarction (heart attack).

D. Creatinine:

Creatinine is a waste product that comes from the normal wear and tear on muscles. While elevated creatinine levels can be seen in conditions affecting kidney function, it's not a direct marker for assessing heart failure. However, kidney function is often evaluated in conjunction with heart failure assessments.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. To ensure long-term prevention of asthma exacerbations:

This statement is not accurate. Prednisone is typically not used for long-term prevention of asthma exacerbations. It is more commonly prescribed for short-term use during acute exacerbations to quickly reduce inflammation and improve symptoms.

B. To gain control of inadequately controlled, persistent asthma:

This is the most accurate explanation. Prednisone is often prescribed to gain control over inadequately controlled, persistent asthma by providing anti-inflammatory effects and helping to manage symptoms during acute episodes.

C. To cure any systemic infection underlying asthma attacks:

Prednisone is not used to cure infections. While it can have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, its primary role in asthma is to reduce airway inflammation and control symptoms, not to treat underlying infections.

D. To prevent recurrent pulmonary infections:

Prednisone is not typically prescribed for the prevention of infections. Its use in asthma is more focused on managing inflammation and symptoms during acute exacerbations rather than preventing infections.

A. Maintaining a diet high in dairy to increase protein necessary to prevent organ damage B. Use of strategies to prevent falls stemming from postural hypotension C. Limiting exercise to avoid injury that can be caused by increased intracranial pressure D. Increasing fluids to avoid extracellular volume depletion from the diuretic effects of the beta-blocker

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Maintaining a diet high in dairy to increase protein necessary to prevent organ damage

Explanation: This statement is not accurate. While a balanced diet is important, there is no specific recommendation to maintain a diet high in dairy to prevent organ damage related to hypertension.

B. Use of strategies to prevent falls stemming from postural hypotension

Explanation: This is a correct and important consideration. Beta-blockers can cause postural hypotension (a drop in blood pressure upon standing), and strategies to prevent falls, such as rising slowly from a sitting or lying position, are crucial.

C. Limiting exercise to avoid injury that can be caused by increased intracranial pressure

Explanation: This statement is not accurate. Exercise is generally beneficial for individuals with hypertension, and beta-blockers do not cause increased intracranial pressure.

D. Increasing fluids to avoid extracellular volume depletion from the diuretic effects of the beta-blocker

Explanation: This statement is not accurate. Beta-blockers are not typically associated with diuretic effects. Diuretics are a different class of medications commonly used for hypertension.

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The nurse is caring for a client who has signs and symptoms of heart failure. Which of the following diagnostic tests is appropriate to assess the patient’s heart failure?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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