A community health nurse teaches a group of seniors at an assisted living facility about modifiable risk factors that contribute to the development of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The nurse knows that the teaching was effective based on which of the following statements?
“I will need to stop smoking because the nicotine causes less blood to flow to my hands and feet.”
“The older I get the higher my risk for peripheral arterial disease gets.”
“Since my family is from Italy, I have a higher risk of developing peripheral arterial disease.”
“I will need to increase the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat to lower my cholesterol levels.”
The Correct Answer is A
A. “I will need to stop smoking because the nicotine causes less blood to flow to my hands and feet.”
Explanation: This statement reflects an understanding of the association between smoking and reduced blood flow, particularly due to nicotine's vasoconstrictive effects.
B. “The older I get the higher my risk for peripheral arterial disease gets.”
Explanation: While age is a non-modifiable risk factor for PAD, it is not a statement indicating a change in behavior to address risk factors. It is correct information but doesn't involve a proactive approach to risk reduction.
C. “Since my family is from Italy, I have a higher risk of developing peripheral arterial disease.”
Explanation: Family history is a non-modifiable risk factor, and the statement correctly identifies this risk factor. However, it doesn't address modifiable factors or actions to reduce risk.
D. “I will need to increase the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat to lower my cholesterol levels.”
Explanation: This statement demonstrates an understanding of a dietary modification to lower cholesterol levels, which is a positive step toward reducing a modifiable risk factor for PAD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. Retinal Hemorrhage
Uncontrolled hypertension can damage the blood vessels in the eyes, leading to retinal hemorrhages. This can result in vision problems and, in severe cases, vision loss.
B. Ventricular Hypertrophy
Uncontrolled hypertension causes the heart to pump against increased resistance, leading to the thickening and enlargement of the left ventricle. Ventricular hypertrophy is a response to the increased workload on the heart and is associated with an increased risk of heart failure.
C. Cerebrovascular Disease
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases, including strokes. Elevated blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the brain, increasing the risk of stroke. Strokes can have serious consequences, affecting various neurological functions.
D. Venous Insufficiency
Venous insufficiency is not typically directly associated with uncontrolled hypertension. It is more commonly related to problems with the venous system, such as damaged valves in the veins, leading to poor blood flow back to the heart. While hypertension can affect arteries, venous insufficiency is a distinct condition.
E. Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs)
Uncontrolled hypertension increases the risk of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), which are brief episodes of neurological dysfunction caused by temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain. TIAs are often considered warning signs of an increased risk of stroke.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Explanation: The signs and symptoms described, including crackles, orthopnea, S3 heart sound, cough with pink, frothy sputum, and low pulse oximetry, are more indicative of heart failure than COPD.
B. The development of left-sided heart failure
Explanation: This is the correct answer. The signs and symptoms, such as crackles, orthopnea, and cough with pink, frothy sputum, are characteristic of left-sided heart failure. The S3 heart sound is often associated with increased ventricular filling pressures.
C. The development of right-sided heart failure
Explanation: The presented signs and symptoms are more consistent with left-sided heart failure. Right-sided heart failure is often associated with peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, and jugular venous distension.
D. The development of cor pulmonale
Explanation: Cor pulmonale is typically associated with right-sided heart failure due to chronic lung disease. The signs and symptoms described are more indicative of left-sided heart failure.
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