A client asks the nurse what ventilation is. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"Ventilation is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs."

"Ventilation is taking a breath in."

"Ventilation is the blood flow through the lung."

"Ventilation is the process by which gases are exchanged."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) "Ventilation is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs."
Ventilation refers to the mechanical process of breathing, which involves the movement of air into and out of the lungs. During ventilation, air containing oxygen is drawn into the lungs through inhalation (inspiration), and carbon dioxide-rich air is expelled from the lungs through exhalation (expiration). This process facilitates the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the lungs and the external environment.

B) "Ventilation is taking a breath in."
This statement is too simplistic and does not fully encompass the process of ventilation, which includes both inhalation and exhalation. Ventilation involves not only taking a breath in but also the subsequent process of exhaling.

C) "Ventilation is the blood flow through the lung."
This statement describes perfusion, which is the process of blood flow through the lung's blood vessels, rather than ventilation, which involves air movement in and out of the lungs. Ventilation and perfusion are closely related but distinct processes.

D) "Ventilation is the process by which gases are exchanged."
While ventilation facilitates gas exchange, this statement does not fully capture the mechanical aspect of moving air into and out of the lungs, which is the primary function of ventilation. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, where oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream, but ventilation refers specifically to the movement of air.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) H2-receptor blockers:
H2-receptor blockers, such as ranitidine and famotidine, are commonly used to reduce stomach acid production and treat peptic ulcer disease. They help promote ulcer healing and alleviate symptoms. These medications are generally safe and appropriate for use in clients with peptic ulcer disease.

B) Antacids:
Antacids are medications that neutralize stomach acid and provide symptomatic relief from peptic ulcer disease. While they do not directly treat the underlying cause of the ulcer, they can help alleviate symptoms such as pain and discomfort. Antacids are generally safe for use in clients with peptic ulcer disease.

C) PPIs (Proton Pump Inhibitors):
PPIs, such as omeprazole and pantoprazole, are potent acid-suppressing medications commonly used to treat peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). They are effective at reducing stomach acid production and promoting ulcer healing. PPIs are generally safe and appropriate for use in clients with peptic ulcer disease.

D) NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs).
NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen, can exacerbate peptic ulcer disease by increasing the risk of gastric irritation, erosion, and ulceration. These medications inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which help protect the stomach lining. Chronic or excessive use of NSAIDs can lead to the development of new ulcers or worsening of existing ulcers. Therefore, clients with peptic ulcer disease are typically advised to avoid NSAIDs or to use them with caution under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Correct Answer is ["10"]

Explanation

To administer the correct dose of valproic acid, which is 500 mg, when the available oral solution concentration is 250 mg per 5 mL, the nurse needs to calculate the volume of the solution required.

The calculation is as follows: (500 mg) / (250 mg/5 mL) = 2 x 5 mL = 10 mL.

Therefore, the nurse should administer 10 mL of the valproic acid oral solution to deliver a dose of 500 mg.

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A client asks the nurse what ventilation is. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for peptic ulcer disease. Which medication should the client be taught to avoid?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer valproic acid 500 mg PO. Available is valproic acid oral solution 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should they administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["10"]

Explanation

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