A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is discussing ethical theories with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse identify as an indication that a newly licensed nurse understands utilitarianism?

“I will consider what is going to benefit the most people when making decisions.”

"I will respect the decision of a client who has a chronic illness to stop treatment."

"I will place a higher emphasis on human dignity than on the needs of a group."

"I will withhold a terminal diagnosis from a client who has cancer."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. “I will consider what is going to benefit the most people when making decisions.”: This is correct. Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Decisions are made based on the outcomes that benefit the most individuals, even if they might not always align with individual preferences.

B. "I will respect the decision of a client who has a chronic illness to stop treatment.": This reflects the principle of autonomy, not utilitarianism. Autonomy focuses on respecting an individual's right to make their own decisions, rather than the greater good.

C. "I will place a higher emphasis on human dignity than on the needs of a group.": This statement leans more toward a deontological perspective, which prioritizes individual rights and dignity over collective benefits.

D. "I will withhold a terminal diagnosis from a client who has cancer.": This reflects a paternalistic approach, where decisions are made by healthcare providers for the patient, which is not a principle of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism would consider the benefits and harms of full disclosure to the patient, rather than withholding information.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Pain in the right upper abdomen is correct. Acute cholecystitis is the inflammation of the gallbladder, typically caused by gallstones blocking bile flow. This condition leads to severe right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain, often triggered by fatty meals and sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and fever.

B. Discomfort with urination is incorrect. Urinary discomfort is not associated with cholecystitis. This symptom is more indicative of urinary tract infections (UTIs) or kidney stones.

C. Pain radiating to the jaw is incorrect. Jaw pain is more characteristic of cardiac conditions, such as myocardial infarction (MI), rather than gallbladder inflammation.

D. Increased abdominal discomfort prior to meals is incorrect. Clients with cholecystitis typically experience more pain after meals, especially fatty foods, due to gallbladder contractions attempting to release bile.

A. Contact the client's caregiver to discuss the client's comment. B. Review the medical record to see if the client has reported abuse in the past. C. Report the suspected abuse to the nurse manager. D. Restrict family members from visiting with the client.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Contacting the client's caregiver to discuss the client's comment might be helpful in some situations, but the priority in this scenario is to assess the possibility of abuse or mistreatment, not to confront the caregiver immediately.

B. Reviewing the medical record to see if the client has reported abuse in the past is correct. The nurse should first gather relevant information to understand the context of the client's statement. If the client has a history of reporting abuse or signs of mistreatment, it may provide critical insight.

C. Reporting suspected abuse to the nurse manager could be necessary if abuse is confirmed, but it is important to first assess the situation and gather information before making such a report.

D. Restricting family members from visiting with the client is an extreme response without any evidence of abuse. The nurse should assess the situation further before taking such action.

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A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is discussing ethical theories with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse identify as an indication that a newly licensed nurse understands utilitarianism?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has acute cholecystitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A home health nurse is caring for an older adult client who lives with a family caregiver and has urinary incontinence. The client states, "I guess I will be locked in my room again for wetting the bed." Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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