A 4-month-old infant is brought to the clinic by a parent with symptoms of a runny nose, a slight fever, and cough for the last two days Which finding should alert the nurse that the child is in acute respiratory distress?

Flaring of the nares.

A resting respiratory rate of 35 breaths/min.

Bilateral bronchial breath sounds.

Diaphragmatic respirations.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A)   Correct - Flaring of the nares is a sign of increased respiratory effort and can indicate acute respiratory distress.
B)   Incorrect - While a resting respiratory rate of 35 breaths/min is elevated for a 4-month-old infant, it may not necessarily indicate acute distress, especially when considered along with other signs.
C)   Incorrect - Bilateral bronchial breath sounds may indicate lung pathology, but they are not specific to acute respiratory distress.
D)   Incorrect - Diaphragmatic respirations, where the abdomen moves more than the chest during breathing, are normal for infants. They do not necessarily indicate acute respiratory distress.

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Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

A) Incorrect - Providing a regular diet tray is important for the client's nutritional needs, but it is not as urgent as assessing vital signs or administering Albuterol in response to the client's acute symptoms.
B) Correct- This action is a priority after any assessment or intervention. Vital signs provide important information about the client's overall condition, including heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation.
C) Incorrect - Applying oxygen is important, but its priority depends on the client's vital signs and oxygen saturation, which should be assessed first.
D) Correct- Administering Albuterol as ordered is crucial for addressing the client's acute breathing difficulty. Albuterol is a bronchodilator that helps alleviate asthma symptoms, and timely administration is essential.
E) Incorrect - Performing a pulmonary function test is valuable for assessing lung function, but it's not an immediate concern compared to addressing the client's breathing difficulty.

A. Skipped eating lunch. B. Incorrectly administered too much insulin. C. Had a cold and ear infection for the past two days. D. Ate an extra peanut butter sandwich before gym class. E. None F. None

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Skipped eating lunch would more likely cause hypoglycemia rather than diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). When a person with type 1 diabetes skips a meal but still takes insulin, blood glucose levels drop, leading to hypoglycemia, not the elevated glucose and ketone production seen in DKA.

B. Incorrectly administered too much insulin would also result in hypoglycemia rather than DKA. Administering excessive insulin causes blood glucose levels to fall too low, which does not trigger the fat breakdown and ketone production that characterize DKA.

C. Had a cold and ear infection for the past two days is the most likely cause of diabetic ketoacidosis. Illness and infection cause the body to release stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, which increase blood glucose levels and counteract insulin. In type 1 diabetes, insufficient insulin leads to hyperglycemia, fat breakdown for energy, and the production of ketones, resulting in DKA.

D. Ate an extra peanut butter sandwich before gym class would not cause DKA. Consuming extra food may raise blood glucose temporarily, but it would not lead to the severe insulin deficiency and ketone production seen in DKA, especially if the adolescent took insulin as prescribed.

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A 4-month-old infant is brought to the clinic by a parent with symptoms of a runny nose, a slight fever, and cough for the last two days Which finding should alert the nurse that the child is in acute respiratory distress?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Find patient data about a client below. After the nurse assesses the client, the physician writes orders. The nurse reviews the orders. Which 2 orders should the nurse complete first?

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

An adolescent who was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus at the age of 9, is admitted to the hospital in diabetic ketoacidosis. Which occurrence is the most likely cause of the ketoacidosis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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