Your patient is experiencing peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, ascites, and splenomegaly. Which of the following conditions would be consistent with the patient's findings?
Left-sided heart failure
Endocarditis
Myocardial infarction
Right-sided heart failure
The Correct Answer is D
A. Left-sided heart failure primarily leads to pulmonary symptoms, such as shortness of breath and fluid accumulation in the lungs, rather than peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, or ascites.
B. Endocarditis is an infection of the heart valves and does not typically cause the combination of peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, ascites, and splenomegaly.
C. Myocardial infarction (MI) can lead to heart failure, but the specific symptoms of peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, ascites, and splenomegaly are more characteristic of right-sided heart failure rather than MI alone.
D. Right-sided heart failure causes systemic venous congestion, which leads to peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, ascites, and splenomegaly due to the backup of blood in the systemic circulation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Progeria, also known as Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), is characterized by accelerated aging. One of the biochemical changes observed in this condition is an increase in hyaluronic acid levels, which is associated with skin changes and the premature aging process seen in affected individuals.
B. Low levels of glutamate are not characteristic of progeria. Glutamate is a neurotransmitter, and its levels are not typically altered in progeria.
C. High levels of thyroxine are not associated with progeria. Thyroxine levels are related to thyroid function, and there is no direct link between high thyroxine levels and progeria.
D. Low levels of calcitonin are not characteristic of progeria. Calcitonin is a hormone involved in calcium regulation, and its levels are not notably altered in progeria.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Alkalemia refers to a condition in which the blood pH is higher than the normal range (7.35–7.45), specifically above 7.45. A pH of 7.5 indicates alkalemia, which is an increase in blood pH.
B. Alkalosis refers to a condition in which the body is in a state of alkalinity, but it is a broader term that can describe either metabolic or respiratory alkalosis. Alkalemia specifically refers to the pH measurement itself.
C. Acidosis refers to a condition in which the blood pH is lower than normal (below 7.35), indicating an excess of hydrogen ions or a deficiency of bicarbonate.
D. Acidemia refers to a condition in which the blood pH is below the normal range, indicating acidosis. A pH of 7.5 does not fall into this category.
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