Which manifestation is more commonly found in chronic bronchitis than in emphysema?
Cyanosis
Dyspnea
Lymphadenopathy
Cough
The Correct Answer is D
A. Cyanosis is a common feature in both chronic bronchitis and emphysema due to hypoxemia, but it is more often seen in chronic bronchitis due to the persistent airway obstruction and reduced gas exchange.
B. Dyspnea (shortness of breath) is more commonly associated with emphysema due to the destruction of alveolar walls and loss of lung elasticity, which impairs gas exchange. Chronic bronchitis can also cause dyspnea, but it is more closely linked with emphysema.
C. Lymphadenopathy is not a characteristic feature of chronic bronchitis or emphysema; it is more associated with infections or malignancies.
D. Chronic bronchitis is characterized by a persistent cough with sputum production, which is a hallmark symptom. This is more prominent in chronic bronchitis than in emphysema, where the cough is less frequent and sputum production is less significant.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Dyspnea is the term used to describe the sensation of shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. It is the most appropriate term to document when a client reports feeling unable to get enough air.
B. Aspiration refers to the inhalation of food, liquid, or foreign material into the airway, which may lead to choking or aspiration pneumonia, not a sensation of shortness of breath.
C. Hemoptysis is the coughing up of blood, which is not described in the client's report.
D. Orthopnea is shortness of breath that occurs when lying flat and is typically seen in conditions like heart failure. The client’s description does not specify that the symptoms occur while lying down.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar-nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) is more commonly associated with type 2 diabetes. It is characterized by very high blood sugar levels and dehydration, but without significant ketone production. It typically occurs in older adults with type 2 diabetes who experience severe dehydration and illness.
B. Hypoglycemia is more commonly associated with type 1 diabetes due to the frequent need for insulin therapy, which can cause low blood sugar levels. In type 2 diabetes, hypoglycemia is less common unless the patient is on insulin or certain oral medications.
C. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is primarily a complication of type 1 diabetes. It occurs when there is a severe insulin deficiency, leading to the breakdown of fat for energy and the production of ketones. While DKA can occur in type 2 diabetes, it is far more common in type 1.
D. The Somogyi effect refers to rebound hyperglycemia following an episode of hypoglycemia, typically occurring overnight. It is more commonly seen in type 1 diabetes, especially when insulin doses are too high, causing low blood sugar at night followed by a rebound increase in blood sugar.
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