What is the major problem at the cellular level in cystic fibrosis?

A. A room within view of the nurses' station does not provide the necessary isolation for a client with active tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a contagious airborne disease, and isolation in a room with appropriate ventilation is essential.

B. A room with another nonsurgical client is not appropriate for a patient with active tuberculosis, as it could lead to the spread of the infection to another patient. Isolation in a room designed to prevent airborne transmission is necessary.

C. A room with air exhaust directly to the outdoor environment is the most appropriate choice. Tuberculosis is transmitted through airborne particles, so the client should be placed in a negative pressure room with exhaust ventilation that directs the air outside to prevent the spread of the infection.

D. A room in the ICU is not necessary unless the client requires intensive care. The primary concern is ensuring appropriate isolation, which can be achieved in a standard room with the proper ventilation, rather than an ICU setting.

A. Cyanosis is a common feature in both chronic bronchitis and emphysema due to hypoxemia, but it is more often seen in chronic bronchitis due to the persistent airway obstruction and reduced gas exchange.

B. Dyspnea (shortness of breath) is more commonly associated with emphysema due to the destruction of alveolar walls and loss of lung elasticity, which impairs gas exchange. Chronic bronchitis can also cause dyspnea, but it is more closely linked with emphysema.

C. Lymphadenopathy is not a characteristic feature of chronic bronchitis or emphysema; it is more associated with infections or malignancies.

D. Chronic bronchitis is characterized by a persistent cough with sputum production, which is a hallmark symptom. This is more prominent in chronic bronchitis than in emphysema, where the cough is less frequent and sputum production is less significant.