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While reviewing a client's laboratory results, a nurse notes a serum calcium level of 8.0 mg/dL. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Initiate diuretic therapy.

Implement seizure precautions.

Prepare the client for hemodialysis.

Administer phosphate.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Initiating diuretic therapy is incorrect because it would further decrease the client’s already low calcium level.

Choice B rationale:

Implementing seizure precautions is correct because hypocalcemia can cause neuromuscular irritability and seizures.

Choice C rationale:

Preparing the client for hemodialysis is incorrect because it is not the first-line treatment for hypocalcemia.

Choice D rationale:

Administering phosphate is incorrect because it would further decrease the client’s already low calcium level.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Hyperventilation is a compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis, not a cause. It helps to eliminate carbon dioxide, a weak acid, to balance the pH.

Choice B rationale:

Diarrhea causes loss of bicarbonate, a base, from the body. This can lead to metabolic acidosis as there is an excess of acids.

Choice C rationale:

Salicylate intoxication can cause both respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis. However, it is not the most common cause of metabolic acidosis.

Choice D rationale:

Vomiting leads to loss of gastric acid, a strong acid. This usually results in metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis.

A. Veins carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, while arteries carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart. B. Veins carry deoxygenated blood away from the heart, while arteries carry oxygenated blood toward the heart. C. Veins carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart, while arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. D. Veins carry oxygenated blood toward the heart, while arteries carry deoxygenated blood away from the heart.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

This statement is incorrect. Veins do not carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, and arteries do not carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart.

Choice B rationale:

This statement is incorrect. While it is true that veins carry deoxygenated blood, they carry it toward the heart, not away from it. Similarly, arteries carry oxygenated blood, but they carry it away from the heart, not toward it.

Choice C rationale:

This statement is correct. In the circulatory system, veins carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart, while arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.

Choice D rationale:

This statement is incorrect. Veins do not carry oxygenated blood toward the heart, and arteries do not carry deoxygenated blood away from the heart.

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While reviewing a client's laboratory results, a nurse notes a serum calcium level of 8.0 mg/dL. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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