A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis.
The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?

Hyperventilation.

Diarrhea.

Salicylate intoxication.

Vomiting.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Hyperventilation is a compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis, not a cause. It helps to eliminate carbon dioxide, a weak acid, to balance the pH.

Choice B rationale:

Diarrhea causes loss of bicarbonate, a base, from the body. This can lead to metabolic acidosis as there is an excess of acids.

Choice C rationale:

Salicylate intoxication can cause both respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis. However, it is not the most common cause of metabolic acidosis.

Choice D rationale:

Vomiting leads to loss of gastric acid, a strong acid. This usually results in metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a high PaCO2 and a low pH. The client’s ABG results do not match this pattern.

Choice B rationale:

Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low HCO3 and a low pH. The client’s ABG results do not match this pattern.

Choice C rationale:

Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a low PaCO2 and a high pH. The client’s ABG results do not match this pattern.

Choice D rationale:

Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high HCO3 and a high pH. The client’s ABG results match this pattern. Normal values for pH, PaCO2, and HCO3 are 7.35-7.45, 35-45 mm Hg, and 22-26 mEq/L respectively.

A. Bradycardia. B. Dyspnea. C. Flushing. D. Vomiting.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Bradycardia, or a slow heart rate, is not typically an early sign of circulatory overload.

Choice B rationale:

Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is an early sign of circulatory overload. This occurs because the heart is unable to pump the excess blood effectively, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs.

Choice C rationale:

Flushing, or reddening of the skin, is not typically an early sign of circulatory overload.

Choice D rationale:

Vomiting is not typically an early sign of circulatory overload.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis.The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis.
The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?